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Using Data to set Road Safety Targets

Using Data to set Road Safety Targets. Eric Howard Principal Eric Howard and Associates. Using Data to set Road Safety Targets U sing data to understand your road safety crash risks across the system. Short to medium term needs and longer term actions. Importance of partnership

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Using Data to set Road Safety Targets

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  1. Using Data to set Road Safety Targets Eric Howard Principal Eric Howard and Associates

  2. Using Data to set Road Safety TargetsUsing data to understand your road safety crash risks across the system Short to medium term needs and longer term actions. Importance of partnership Determine as a priority crash numbers and crash types by location/ length Don’t wait until you have a sophisticated data system – start with manual police data if you need to ! (ok for local and maybe for regional - plus tools such as iRAP) What are the material crash types and material locations/ lengths?

  3. Using Data to set Road Safety TargetsUsing data to understand your road safety crash risks across the system What are the key intermediate outcomes measures ? – identify these, measure current levels and monitor future levels. Policy makers and strategy developers have different data needs compared to local engineering groups and local police (and compared to research needs)

  4. Using Data to set Road Safety TargetsUsing data to understand your road safety crash risks across the system Gather relevant data Analyse key crash types and behavioural issues Focus on these crash types and behavioural issues

  5. Using Data to set Road Safety TargetsUsing data to understand your road safety crash risks across the system But to guide this focus on crash types/ behavioural issues, we need to have a framework

  6. Using Data to set Road Safety Targets Safe System – What is it ? • “We need to redefine road safety beyond problem behaviours. Fundamentally what the best in the world are now saying is that, yes, you’ve got to deal with speeding, seatbelts, drink-driving and other unsafe behaviours but half the road trauma problem is just people making mistakes. Cooperative and forgiving road users together with a forgiving road system will substantially and sustainably reduce road trauma.” Iain Cameron, Executive Director, Office of Road Safety, Western Australia

  7. Safe system approach Improved emergency medical management

  8. Using Data to set Road Safety Targets Safe System – What is it ?Fatality risk in 3 typical crash types for range of travel speeds at impact(Based on P. Wramborg, 2005)

  9. Using Data to set Road Safety Targets Safe System – What is it ?

  10. Using Data to set Road Safety TargetsUsing data to understand your road safety crash risks across the system Crash risks by driver behaviour – drink driving, speeding, not wearing seat belts or helmets, unsafe overtaking Crash risks by road environment – least safe intersections, least safe lengths of road by crash type (head on, run off road, pedestrian) Crash trends by category of vehicles (or peds) involved in crash

  11. Using Data to set Road Safety TargetsUsing data to understand your road safety crash risks (and serious casualty reduction opportunities) across the system

  12. Over the last 5 years the most common crash types (run-off-road, side impact at intersection, rear-end and head-on) account for 72 per cent of all fatal crashes on Victoria’s roads each year • The strategy targets each of the following most common Using Data to set Road Safety TargetsUsing data to understand your road safety crash risks (and serious casualty reduction opportunities) across the system

  13. Using Data to set Road Safety TargetsUsing data to understand your road safety crash risks (and serious casualty reduction opportunities) across the system Obtain intermediate outcome measure data (safety performance indicators) eg., Mean speeds Seatbelt wearing rates Helmet wearing rates Drink driving prevalence Hours of novice driver on-road practice before solo driving Proportion of highway traffic which is protected from head on crashes where speed limit above 70 km/h

  14. Using Data to set Road Safety Targets Understanding crashes on your road networkeg., Fatalities by Speed Zone Victoria, Australia

  15. Using Data to set Road Safety TargetsThe Safe System Approach & Target Setting OECD / ITF Towards Zero Report, 2008 www.internationaltransportforum.org/jtrc/safety/targets

  16. Using Data to set Road Safety TargetsThe Safe System Approach & Target Setting OECD / ITF Towards Zero Report, 2008 - Current situation A focus on individual interventions rather than what is needed to make the road transport system fundamentally safer Safe system approach not widely understood, supported or implemented by practitioners Priority need for the public to be given information about benefits of a safe system approach Institutional management arrangements in this multisectoral field - generally not adequate for delivery of change in social norms, (eg., road authorities) and in improving the safety of the system Public sector management of (and in some cases – powers to manage) road reserve activity is inadequate in many LICs and MICs

  17. Using Data to set Road Safety TargetsThe Safe System Approach & Target Setting OECD / ITF Towards Zero Report, 2008 Know your crash situation/ your risk and crash data Road safety – institutional management capacity Safe system model Challenges of change, knowledge transfer needs Adopt measures successfully applied by other countries Support management of political risks

  18. Using Data to set Road Safety Targets Crash trend data – by involved vehicleOECD / ITF Towards Zero Report, 2008

  19. Using Data to set Road Safety TargetsCrash trend data – by involved vehicleOECD / ITF Towards Zero Report, 2008

  20. Using Data to set Road Safety TargetsThe Safe System Approach & Target Setting OECD / ITF Towards Zero Report, 2008 Introduce the proven measures used successfully by others to improve performance, especially measures to: achieve safer speed compliance reduce drink driving, improve safety belt and helmet wearing, deliver graduated licensing for novices, provide safer roads, roadsides and speed limits, promote safer vehicles, improve safety for vulnerable road users and improve medical management after crashes

  21. Using Data to set Road Safety TargetsDeveloping an initial “desired” road safety target for road trauma reduction in the medium term • Based on generally accepted good practice in other jurisdictions – select a possible range of targeted reductions in fatalities and serious injuries – to be explored. • Consider your underlying motorisation rate and other significant circumstances • Select the term of the strategy and target (say 10 years)

  22. Using Data to set Road Safety Targets Modelling effect of potential interventions • Use your data and assess effects of application of known predictable and successful interventions (locally and internationally) on your key crash types. • Modelling of estimated effect of range of measures – in aggregate – with sensitivity analysis

  23. Using Data to set Road Safety Targets Produce a list of options with estimated impact of each • Consider options which are potentially feasible • Prepare for each option the estimated effect in reducing trauma • eg., It is known that 1% reduction in mean speed gives 5 % reduction in fatalities • So measure pre-existing mean speed, assess the behaviour relative to speed limits (also check if limits need to be amended downwards) • Look at what could be done to improve compliance, calculate reduction in trauma that could be achieved. Assess if society will accept measures !!

  24. Outcomes: Change in free speeds for metropolitan Melbourne – 60km/h zones

  25. Using Data to set Road Safety Targets Produce a list of options with estimated impact of each • eg., It is known that seat belt wearing reduces risk of fatal injury by some 50% • Survey seat belt use in % terms. Note - in some jurisdictions with 95% wearing rates, 22% of vehicle occupant fatalities are unbelted. • Look at what could be done to improve compliance, calculate reduction in trauma that could be achieved • Assess if society will accept compliance activity and associated penalties

  26. Using Data to set Road Safety Targets Produce a list of options with estimated impact of each • eg., It is known in some jurisdictions that if random breath testing offence rates exceed 0.5 %, driver and rider fatalities with illegal BAC will be more than 27% of all driver and rider fatalities • Conduct RBT at an appropriate scale and compile offence results on an ongoing basis. • Look at what could be done to improve compliance, calculate the reduction in trauma that could be achieved and determine what is needed for society to accept compliance activity and associated penalties

  27. Using Data to set Road Safety Targets Targeting Infrastructure safety measuresCrash Rates for Victoria, Australia (2000 – 2004)

  28. Using Data to set Road Safety Targets Dialogue about options (costs/ responsibilities/ issues) • Examine rigorously - costs, agency roles, resourcing and outcomes needed to achieve these potential outcomes • Have dialogue with agencies, political level, community • What are the critical challenges and issues in being able to move forward with each option – ie. How can the chief executive of the road safety agencies and political level be approached and convinced that the political risks can be managed?

  29. Using Data to set Road Safety Targets Discussion paper • If at all possible put the options out for public discussion without too much filtering by the political level • Conduct a process to encourage public understanding and input. • Don’t “scare the horses” but ventilate adequate measures which would exceed the indicative target sought • Show the potential trauma reductions for each option. Have the detailed model as backup to enable components of options for various road user groups to be published

  30. Using Data to set Road Safety Targets Agree options and calculate target these will deliver • Following public input, agree options to be followed, guided by the calculated estimated reductions these will provide. • This is then a credible, realistic, defensible and deliverable target – as long as the political commitment remains.

  31. Using Data to set Road Safety Targets Announce target • Only after there is commitment to agreed strategy initiatives, announce the strategy and the associated calculated target. • Be transparent about details of this link. • Monitor and evaluate interventions

  32. Using Data to set Road Safety TargetsUsing data to understand your road safety crash risks across the system - Summary Gather relevant data (improve system over time) Analyse key crash types and behavioural issues Focus on these crash types and behavioural issues Consider how to address – what interventions? Develop an initial “desired” road safety target Model effect of potential interventions Produce list of options Estimate potential reductions in F & SI Develop outline strategy Gain political and community support for strategy and identify associated achievable target Publish Strategy and Target and implement

  33. Using Data to set Road Safety TargetsThank You Eric Howard Principal Eric Howard and Associates

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