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RFC 793 State machine study

This document studies the scenario of simultaneously active SYN packets in TCP connections, as outlined in RFC 793. It details the states and transitions of TCP segments between two endpoints (TCP A and TCP B) during the connection establishment phase. The interactions are visualized in Figure 8, showcasing how packets with various sequence (SEQ) and acknowledgment (ACK) numbers transition through states such as CLOSED, SYN-SENT, SYN-RECEIVED, and ESTABLISHED. This analysis helps in grasping the complexities of TCP handshaking and network communication.

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RFC 793 State machine study

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  1. RFC 793State machine study

  2. Simultaneously active SYN Page 32, Figure 8

  3. Page:32 Figure. 8 Simultaneously active SYN TCP A TCP B Should_ACK=NA Should_ACK=NA SEQ=NA SEQ=NA 1. CLOSED CLOSED

  4. Page:32 Figure. 8 Simultaneously active SYN TCP A TCP B SEQ=100 Should_ACK=NA Should_ACK=NA SEQ=NA SEQ=NA SEQ=100CTL=SYN ACK= DATA= 1. CLOSED CLOSED 2. SYN-SENT --> <SEQ=100><CTL=SYN> ...

  5. Page:32 Figure. 8 Simultaneously active SYN TCP A TCP B SEQ=100 Should_ACK=301 Should_ACK=NA Should_ACK=NA SEQ=300 SEQ=NA SEQ=100CTL=SYN ACK= DATA= SEQ=300CTL=SYN ACK= DATA= 2. SYN-SENT --> <SEQ=100><CTL=SYN> ... 3. SYN-RECEIVED <-- <SEQ=300><CTL=SYN> <-- SYN-SENT

  6. Page:32 Figure. 8 Simultaneously active SYN TCP A TCP B SEQ=100 Should_ACK=301 Should_ACK=NA SEQ=300 SEQ=100CTL=SYN ACK= DATA= SEQ=100CTL=SYN ACK=301 DATA= SEQ=300CTL=SYN ACK= DATA= 3. SYN-RECEIVED <-- <SEQ=300><CTL=SYN> <-- SYN-SENT 5. SYN-RECEIVED --> <SEQ=100><ACK=301><CTL=SYN,ACK> ...

  7. Page:32 Figure. 8 Simultaneously active SYN TCP A TCP B SEQ=100 Should_ACK=301 Should_ACK=NA Should_ACK=101 SEQ=300 SEQ=100CTL=SYN ACK= DATA= SEQ=100CTL=SYN ACK=301 DATA= 5. SYN-RECEIVED --> <SEQ=100><ACK=301><CTL=SYN,ACK> ... 4. ... <SEQ=100><CTL=SYN> --> SYN-RECEIVED

  8. Page:32 Figure. 8 Simultaneously active SYN TCP A TCP B Should_ACK=301 SEQ=101 SEQ=100 Should_ACK=301 Should_ACK=101 SEQ=300 SEQ=100CTL=SYN ACK=301 DATA= SEQ=100CTL=SYN ACK= DATA= SEQ=300CTL=SYN ACK=101 DATA= 4. ... <SEQ=100><CTL=SYN> --> SYN-RECEIVED 6. ESTABLISHED <-- <SEQ=300><ACK=101><CTL=SYN,ACK> <-- SYN-RECEIVED

  9. Page:32 Figure. 8 Simultaneously active SYN TCP A TCP B SEQ=101 Should_ACK=301 Should_ACK=101 Should_ACK=101 SEQ=300 SEQ=301 SEQ=101CTL= ACK=301 DATA= 6. ESTABLISHED <-- <SEQ=300><ACK=101><CTL=SYN,ACK> <-- SYN-RECEIVED 7. ... <SEQ=101><ACK=301><CTL=ACK> --> ESTABLISHED

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