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Causes of World War I

Causes of World War I. So how are we going to memorize all the causes?. Good question! Here’s an easy way to remember!. M is for Militarism. A is for Alliances. MANIA. N is for Nationalism. I is for Imperialism. A is for Assassination.

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Causes of World War I

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  1. Causes of World War I

  2. So how are we going to memorize all the causes? Good question! Here’s an easy way to remember! M is for Militarism A is for Alliances MANIA N is for Nationalism I is for Imperialism. A is for Assassination https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=75seqSfdqGo&t=2s WWI in a nutshell Breakout

  3. #1 Militarism The aggressive preparation for war heightened the already existing tensions in Europe. European armies double in size between 1890 – 1914. 1890 1914 • Germany 1.3m 5.0m • France 0.73m 4.0m • Russia 0.40m 1.2m

  4. Hey, Why is the miltary there in the first place? European States were in competition with each other over the amount of land they controlled and this led to rivalries between the major European Powers. These nations saw their military forces (Army and Navy) as a way to both protect their territory and intimidate their enemies. (Power = National Honor) The military also served to suppress ethnic uprisings and internal public dissent within their borders.

  5. #2 Systems of Alliances • Europe’s major powersally themselves to build their power and protecttheir interests: An alliance is a formal political, military or economic agreement between two or more nations. • Triple Alliance (1882) – GIA Germany, Italy & Austria-Hungary, • Central Powers (1914) Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire • Triple Entente (1907) – BFR Great Britain, France, & Russia VS. So everything is peaceful among these alliances, right?

  6. The major trouble spot was the Balkan States between 1908-1914. Not Exactly…

  7. Nationalist struggles in the Balkans • The Balkan states were made up of three ethnic groups (The Catholic Croatians, the Muslim Bosnians, and the Orthodox Serbians) who each wished to be recognized as separate nations. • These groups were Slavic minorities in the Habsburg Empire of Austria-Hungary. • Serbia was an Independent State wanted to unite all Slavic peoples in Eastern Europe.

  8. International Interests in the Balkans • Austria-Hungary saw the increase of Serbian power as a threat to their Empire. • Russia saw the rise of Serbia as a way to get access to warm water ports for international trade. • Austria Hungary annexed the kingdom of Bosnia to stop Serbian Expansion. • Russia backed the Serbian protest of this Austro-Hungarian aggression.

  9. #3 Nationalism • Nationalism is an extreme form of patriotism and loyalty to one’s country. Nationalists place the interests of their own country above the interests of other countries. • 1. Nationalism gave citizens excessiveconfidencein their nation, their govsand their militarystrength. • assured them that their countrywasfair, righteous and without blame. • It convinced many citizenstheir nation was being threatened by the plotting, scheming and hungry imperialism of its rivals • 2. Pre-war nationalism was fueled by wars, imperial conquests and rivalry, political rhetoric, newspapers and popular culture, such as ‘invasion literature’ written by penny press novelists. • 3. British nationalism was fueled by a century of comparative peace and prosperity. The British Empire had flourished and expanded, its naval strength had grown • 4. German nationalism had new growth from the unification of Germany in 1871. It became fascinated with German imperial expansion (securing Germany’s ‘place in the sun’) and resentful of the British and their empire. • 5. Rising nationalism was also a factor in the Balkans, where Slavic Serbs and others soughtindependence and autonomy from the political domination of Austria-Hungary.

  10. #4 Imperialism • All the great powers were competing for colonies/ territory – • raw materials • – cheap labor and soldiers • – taxes • • The British feared Germany in Africa. • • The Austrians feared Serbia/ Russia in the Balkans

  11. #5 The Assassination June 28, 1914 - Nineteen year old Bosnian Serb, Gavrillo Princip, member of the Serbian terrorist group, Black Hand, shoots and kills the heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire, ArchdukeFrancis Ferdinand and his wife, Sophia. • This causes Austria-Hungary to threaten Serbia. • Serbia turns to Russia for support. • Russia mobilizes troops at the Hungarian border. • Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia. • Germany declares war on both Russia and France. • England declares war on Germany. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DpuOa6u6HX0&index=49&list=PLG41HV5r0aEKeKl_R_zDxOzaTjjaO7YMg

  12. Factual Questions (One Sentence Responses) • What is Militarism? • Which Country had the largest Army in Europe before World War I? • What are the Balkans? • Whose Assassination in 1914 started the conflict which became World War I? • What was the Black Hand?

  13. Reflection QuestionsParagraph Answers • Why was militarism popular among the European Powers before World War I? • Why was Serbia and Austria-Hungary in conflict over the Balkans? • How did the Assassination of Franz Ferdinand lead to World War I? • How did internal dissent offer European Governments an incentive towards War?

  14. THE END. Answer the questions and turn them in with your notes!

  15. Militarism • the naval arms race between Germany and Britain • – most European nations were stockpiling large numbers of weapons • - many countries had contingency plans for war including Germany’s Schlieffen Plan • - many nations had the desire to use military force to solve political problems

  16. Imperialism • - most European nations were engaged in empire building • - the majority of Africa and Asia was occupied by many European empires • - there was very little land left for European empires to expand • - many tensions arose due to the attempt to expand these empires

  17. Nationalism • - most European nations encouraged their populations to feel intense pride in their nation to the point where other opposing nations were despised • - when war was first announced many nations saw parades break out expressing a sense of joy and excitement that their nation was entering this conflict • - the province of Bosnia expressed a desire to break away from Austria-Hungary and become an independent state

  18. Alliances • Europe was split into two armed camps • - the Triple Alliance consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy • - the Triple Entente consisted of Great Britain, France, and Russia • - Russia and Serbia were long time Slavic allies • - Great Britain, France, and Germany had agreed to protect Belgium in case of foreign intervention

  19. Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand • - June 28, 1914 GavrilloPrincep, a crazed member of the terrorist group The Black Hand, will assassinate the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, Franz Ferdinand, after the driver of his car takes a wrong turn in Sarajevo, Bosnia • - Austria-Hungary blames Serbia and issues a series of ultimatums and eventually declares war on Serbia • - this declaration of war eventually leads to the outbreak of WWI

  20. #4 Internal Dissent • The Major Powers also had to contend with protest groups within their society. • Socialist Workers Movements protested to get more rights for the working class. • Anarchists protested government control over the individual. • These groups provided a motive for governments to go to war since this would make their protests illegal.

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