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Adaptations, Variations, Survival

Adaptations, Variations, Survival. Organisms grow almost everywhere They must fit in or adapt in order to survive and reproduce. Changes can be structural or behavioral. SHORT TERM ADAPTATIONS. Seasonal changes Daylight hours Temperature and Precipitation.

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Adaptations, Variations, Survival

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  1. Adaptations, Variations, Survival • Organisms grow almost everywhere They must fit in or adapt in order to survive and reproduce. • Changes can be structural or behavioral

  2. SHORT TERM ADAPTATIONS • Seasonal changes • Daylight hours • Temperature and Precipitation. • Many organisms; both plants and animals adapt to changes or populations decrease.

  3. Seasonal Adaptations: • Animals shed hair in the summer • Hibernate in winter. • Add blubber in winter. • Produce flowers and larger fruit during wettest months of year • Mimicry- look a-likes

  4. Leaves change color during winter or trees shed leaves and remain dormant due to a lack of sunlight and water • Fur changes color to blend in with new environment (camouflage) • organism migrate – if they cannot adapt to harsher conditions

  5. Long Term Adaptations: Desert Plants • must store water • have few or no leaves – avoid water loss • have wide spread, shallow roots • have spines or thorns to protect against predators

  6. Animals • nocturnal – active at night when cooler, large pupils • Thick skin to hold in moisture • Large, thin ears to disperse heat • Color changes to blend into environment (camouflage)

  7. Reptiles have scales to retain heat • Birds have different beaks to eat different seeds that are available • Build resistance to diseases

  8. Cold Climates PLANTS… • Small, low growing • Grow in clumps ANIMALS … • long, thick fur in winter • Extra fat layer • Small and stocky • Hibernate or migrate • Tunnel underground & store food

  9. Darwin’s Finches • Better suited to environment equals higher rate of survival and reproducing and passing on good traits • Survival of the fittest • Each island had different plants and animals • Each island’s finches developed different beaks

  10. Changes in Ecosystems • Succession – natural replacement over time • Primary Succession • Newly formed, newly formed volcanic island • Area exposed by melting glacier

  11. Secondary Succession • Secondary Succession - Ecosystem disturbed • Example: Hurricane, forest fire, farm land cleared • Salt water kills coastal plants • Carrying capacity changes as organisms compete for biotic factors • Habitats decrease • Removes vegetation, increasing erosion • Takes years to return to balance

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