Analogies

1. Analogies

2. What is an analogy? • An analogy is a comparison that emphasizes a similar relationship. • Writers use analogies to add complexity to their writing.

3. Types of analogy • There are seven major types of analogies: • Synonym • Antonym • Association • Purpose • Degree • Characteristics • Place

4. Association • Association shows how one idea can be associated with another. • For example: Tournament is to trophy as high school is to diploma. • You have to have a tournament to earn a trophy, as you have to go to high school to earn a diploma.

5. Purpose • Purpose tells us the relationship of what something is used for. • For example: Bow is to tie as package is to wrap. The bow needs to be tied to fulfill its purpose, while the package needs to be wrapped to fulfill it’s purpose.

6. Degree • Degree shows us to what degree something is, as in how much, few, hot, cold, etc. • For example: Mad is to furious as painful is to excruciating Being furious is being very mad, whereas excruciating is being in a great deal of pain.

7. Characteristics • Characteristics show how a description of something may be related. • For example Blood is to red, as grass is to green. The color of blood is red, and the color of grass is green.

8. Place • Place shows the relationship in location to something else. • For example: Nashville is to Tennessee as Tallahassee is to Florida. Nashville is the state capitol of Tennessee, whereas Tallahassee is the state capitol of Florida.

9. Other ways an analogy may be written: • Analogies may also appear using only colons. • For example: kite : fly :: bicycle : ride This is read, “Kite is to fly, as bicycle is to ride.”

10. Analogies are everywhere! • Analogies will be on your EOC exam, ACT college entrance exam, and our SPI test on Friday. • Prepare to see more and more analogies as you progress through high school!