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No Compromise with Sin: The Radicalization of American Anti-Slavery

No Compromise with Sin: The Radicalization of American Anti-Slavery. I. Brief History American Anti-Slavery. No prob. majority history 18 th : 1) Enlightenment 2) 1 st GA 3) AR By 1810: Dying out N 1810-1830:  Colonization South: examples North: “democracy”.

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No Compromise with Sin: The Radicalization of American Anti-Slavery

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  1. No Compromise with Sin: The Radicalization of American Anti-Slavery

  2. I. Brief History American Anti-Slavery • No prob. majority history • 18th: 1) Enlightenment • 2) 1st GA • 3) AR • By 1810: Dying out N • 1810-1830:  Colonization • South: examples • North: “democracy”

  3. II. William Lloyd Garrison • 1805: Newbury, MA • Come-outer Baptist mother; father alcoholic • Printer’s apprentice journalist • 1820s: Demon Rum • 1828: Ben Lundy (“The Genius”) colonization • Millennialism purer Ch’y • John Noyes (founder Oneida commune): perfectionism sinfulness = slavery “universal emancipation”: • Christian anarchism

  4. III. Radical Abolition: A House on Fire A. Immediatism • 1 Jan. 1831: Liberator :“I am in earnest…I will not retreat an inch—and I will be heard.” • Slavery: • 1) Sin: lie of racial inequality • 2) Crime: anti-AR • Strategy of conversion + revivalism • No compromise w/sin

  5. 1833 Am Anti-Slavery Society propaganda violence + political suppression • Gag rule (1836) • 1834-8: mob violence: 1835 WLG symbolically, 1837 Lovejoy actually • Change in tactics split gradualists + immediatists

  6. B. Abolitionism and Women’s Rights • 1) Non-resistance: no compromise w/sin • 2) Women’s rights: auxiliary groups violation Victorian ideals: racial equality fears of miscegenation, political activity • Women lecturers: “promiscuous audiences” • Catalyst: Angelina + Sarah Grimké lecture tour • Division w/in movement: 1) conservatives vs. Garrisonians over women’s rights • Even more: 2) 1840s: non-resistance calls for northern secession

  7. IV. Proslavery Argument • Rage over Garrison positive good • 1) Aristotle: “mudsill” • 2) Bible: Old and New Testament • 3) King Cotton: economic determinism • 4) Science of racism (multiple creations?) • 5) Fiction writers: moonlight + magnolias • 6) George Fitzhugh

  8. V. Fitzhugh and the Attack on Free Society • Sociology for the South, or The Failure of Free Society (1854); Cannibals All!, or Slaves Without Masters (1857) • Slavery = servile labor of any form • Chattel slavery kinder than wage: 1st modern welfare state • Slavery survive only if capitalist world market destroyed: southern values could not survive competition + bourgeois individualism • Writing at same time as Marx in Europe, unclear if F read M

  9. Free labor class conflict + violence • Slavery solves: master class combines interest w/sentiment security for masses (paternalism) • Whole world must be all slave or all free • Compare Lincoln “House Divided” speech • Fitzhugh took argument farthest, but basic ideas common in South

  10. VI. Conclusion • Heated anti- or pro-slavery sentiment was a minority position before 1850s • Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Bleeding Kansas, John Brown would change that on both sides

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