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Ancient China: A Land of Harmony and Wisdom

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mavis
19 diapositives · 306 Views · Jul 18, 2014

Delve into the rich history of Classical China, a civilization with a distinct identity, intellectual ideologies of harmony, and profound contributions to culture, politics, and science. Explore dynasties like Zhou and Qin, the legacy of Confucianism, Daoism, Legalism, and more. Join us on a journey through the eras of prosperity, decline, and resilience in the great land of China.

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  1. Classical China Ch 2

  2. I. General Information A. China is considered one of the longest living civilizations B. China was isolated 1. Rarely was invaded 2. Developed everything on their own 3. Very distinct identity 4. Very close ties to personal history

  3. I. General Information C. Intellectual ideology 1. Harmony in Nature: Ying and Yang 2. Daoism- Avoid excess D. Geographic region 1. Consistently occupy the Huanghe and Yangtze River valleys

  4. I. General Information

  5. I. General Information E. Consisted of three dynasties 1. Zhou Dynasty 1029-258 BC 2. Qin Dynasty 221-202 BC 3. 202 BC- 220 AD F. History is seen as cycles

  6. II. Zhou Dynasty • Lasted from 1029-258 BC • Worked off of a feudal system • Agriculture in “Middle Kingdom” • Wheat- North& Rice- South • Emperors ruled by Mandate of Heaven 1. Called Sons of Heaven

  7. II. Zhou Dynasty D. Started to decline around 700 BC • Nomadic tribes started to invade • Downfall led to philosophers such as Confucius • Ended in civil war between princes

  8. II. Zhou Dynasty E. Contributions 1. Mandarin 2. Banning human sacrifice 3. Political Ethics (Confucius)

  9. III. Qin Dynasty • Origination for the Name China • Short lived dynasty (21 years) • Qin Shi Huangdi (first emperor) • Very brutal leader • Brought nobles to court • Officials were nonaristocratic • Extended territory • Burned books and attacked culture • High taxes

  10. III. Qin Dynasty D. Contributions • Standardized coins, weights and measurements • Census • Uniform written language • Irrigation • Promoted Silk production • Built the Great Wall (3000 Miles) E. Died in 210 BC • Revolts

  11. Great Wall

  12. IV. Han Dynasty • Centralized government but not repressive like Qin • Extended borders • Traded with India and Mediterranean • Emperor Wu Ti brought peace • Chinese version of PaxRomanawith Augustus • Focused on culture and Confucious • Declined with the invasion of the Huns 1. Brought chaos to China

  13. V. Politics • Very Bureaucratic • Universal taxes • Civil Service Test • Harsh punishment • Lack of military focus

  14. VI. Culture • Daoism • Focus on harmony and balance • Ying and Yang • Everything eventually balances out

  15. VI. Culture B. Ancestor worship/ polytheism • Worship dead ancestors • Try to please ancestors • Spirits in nature

  16. VI. Culture C. Confucianism • Respect tradition and virtue • Summed up in the Analects • Leaders are to be examples • Leaves no spiritual side D. Legalism • Goes with Confucianism • Humans are evil and need restraint

  17. VI. Culture E. Science • Studied planets and their motion • Focused on practical applications • Linked hygiene with health F. Patriarchal Society • Father runs family • Close family ties. G. Trade • Focus of trade: Silk (Silk Road)

  18. VII. Contributions • Ox Drawn Plows and Plow Collars • Iron Mining (Pulleys) • Water Powered Mills • Paper • Porcelain • Compass