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The Role of Language in Shaping Perception and Knowledge

This exploration delves into the intricate relationship between language, thought, and perception, questioning whether we truly know what we cannot articulate. It references quotes from Hans Reichenbach and Michael Polanyi, discussing the implications of language as a labeling system and its impact on stereotypes and societal constructs. The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis is introduced, alongside methods of persuasion through language, including euphemisms and propaganda. The analysis invites the reader to reflect on how language influences our understanding of the world.

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The Role of Language in Shaping Perception and Knowledge

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Language – Part II ToK

  2. Which is true? • “If you can’t say it then you don’t know it” – Hans Reichenbach (1891-1953) OR • “I know more than I can say” – Michael Polanyi (1891-1976)

  3. Which is true? • “Sticks and stones may break my bones but words can never hurt me.” OR • “Language is power.”

  4. Labels & Stereotypes • To what extent does language affect the way we see and think about the world?

  5. Labels • Language is a labeling system; as such it is extremely efficient • On the other hand, things can easily be mislabeled based on superficial resemblance • Also, there are many different ways of labeling things, depending on the context • The way we classify things is either natural and objective or socially constructed and subjective – or perhaps a bit of both

  6. Stereotypes • Assumptions • Caricature • Exaggerated • Negative • Based on prejudice, rather than on fact • Difficult to change despite contradictory evidence

  7. The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis • What is it? • What is the evidence for it? • What is the evidence against it? • What do YOU think?

  8. Using language to influence and persuade • The Story of Bottled Water - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Se12y9hSOM0 • Euphemisms – read p. 16-7 of this .pdf - http://www.ibo.org/ibworld/documents/may02.pdf • Weasel words • Use of the passive voice • Revealing/concealing – connotations • “Warspeak”/propaganda

  9. Reference • Van de Lagemaat, R. (2011). Theory of Knowledge for the IB Diploma. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

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