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E nhancement of Caltech’s cross-border collaborations in Geology and Geophysics

E nhancement of Caltech’s cross-border collaborations in Geology and Geophysics. Joann Stock, Robert Clayton California Institute of Technology. SCEC – gateway , includes individual wiki pages for rapid earthquake response. Our c urrent collaborators ( Mexican institutions ).

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E nhancement of Caltech’s cross-border collaborations in Geology and Geophysics

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  1. Enhancement of Caltech’s cross-border collaborations in Geology and Geophysics Joann Stock, Robert Clayton California Institute of Technology

  2. SCEC – gateway, includes individual wiki pagesforrapidearthquake response

  3. Ourcurrentcollaborators (Mexicaninstitutions) • CICESE Ciencias de la Tierra • UNAM Instituto de Geofísica, México D.F. • UABC Ensenada • UABC Mexicali • Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora

  4. California Integrated Seismic Network – 628 stations Red: ournetwork Blue: externalbutcontributedtoournetwork

  5. CISN main data products • Rapid locations of earthquakes • ShakeMaps (observed & predictedgroundshakingduetoanearthquake) • Software forrapiddistribution of earthquakeinformationtoemergencymanagement centers (ShakeCast) • Strongmotion records of engineeringinterest • Seismological data forallrecordedearthquakesforSouthern California, archived in theSouthern California Earthquake Data Center (SCEDC) • Currently beta testingEarthquakeEarlyWarningsystem

  6. Example of ShakeMap product

  7. Seismologycollaborations, 1 • Transmission of seismic data in both directions across the border: from seismometers in Mexico to data center in Mexico City and from there to the Southern California Seismic Network Data Center; and vice versa Research and societal goals: better locations of earthquakes near the US-Mexico border; duplicate archiving of data for regional earthquakes; understanding geometry of sources of earthquakes in Mexico and USA Data center SCEDC Data center

  8. Currentnetworkspeeds Data volume: 2.6 Gigabytes of data transferred in bothdirectionseachday Takesanywherefrom1 to 3+ hoursto transfer these data fromMexico City to Pasadena Data volume expected to increase to 5 Gbyte/day as network is upgraded

  9. Seismologycollaborations, 2 • Deployment of temporary web-enabled seismometers in the Mexicali Valley, after the April 4, 2010 El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake Goal: betterlocations of earthquakes in theaftershocksequence Data volume: 4 Gbyte CF cardstores data (2 – 4 weeksfortypicalrecordingparameters) Instrument can be directlyconnectedtothe web viaan internet drop (no needfor local computer) Challengeencountered: inabilitytoconnectto internet Seismometer & data logger

  10. Seismologycollaborations, 3 (CICESE and UABC-Mexicali) Remember the question during Minster’s talk re: why did the earthquake simulation stop at the border? Active-source seismic imaging experiment in the Salton Trough (Mexicali-Imperial Valleys) in 2011 • 126 explosion sources, about 4000 seismometer locations, recording rate 250-1000 Hz x 7 hours /day/deployed sensor • 1 Terabyte total shot data from main experiment Goals: improve knowledge of fault geometry, basin seismic velocity model for better understanding of earthquake hazards; Understand geological rifting processes Current collaboration model: project Wiki (based on MindTouch) for planning purposes, evolved to interchange data and keep record of all presentations & products

  11. SSIP SSIP onshore seismic refraction & reflection Wet-SSIP marine seismic refraction & reflection Broadband-SSIP onshore broadband teleseismic Hole SCEC 2011

  12. SSIP Feb. – March 2011 explosive shots 126 shots median 115 kg up to 1400 kg

  13. SSIP+Wet-SSIP Feb. – March 2011 seismometers: 3856 1-component Texan sites 272 3-component RT130 sites 78 3-component OBS sites

  14. Swath bathymetry data The multibeam system is built into the hull of the ship, or in a separate towed unit. Transducers in a cross-array pattern emit and receive 12 kHz energy to image the seafloor beneath the array

  15. Multibeam echo sounder shows the shape of the seafloor below

  16. Bathymetry of the mouth of the Gulf of California from Lonsdale et al.Alarcon Rise is the southernmost Pacific-North America spreading segment N

  17. Marine Geophysical Data • Example data file from East PacificRise in southernGulf of California • Colors show slope of seafloor • Data analyzedusing MB-system software Wewouldliketohavejoint real time worksessionstoanalyzethese data – but data files are large (compressedsize 15-100 Mbytes/ hour of survey, dependingonwaterdepth and type of systemused)

  18. WishList: • Fast, redundantconnectionsbetweenseismic data centers in bothcountries • MOOC – virtual geologyfieldtrips • needs 3D capability; • can accommodatelargergroups of studentsthanpossibleon regular fieldtrips • Participationbycross-borderresearchersoncommittees of graduatestudents (MS, PhD) at CICESE, UniSON, UNAM (D.F.). Weneedtechnologytohave video conferencingroutinelyavailablewithabilitytosee & hearallparticipants, share data files in real time • Expandcapability & integration of mobiledevices

  19. MexicanGeophysicalUnionwebinar series Once – per – monthpresentationoverthe internet on a sciencetopic of interesttothemembers of theMexicanGeophysicalUnion. Onehourtalk+ discussion; viewersregisterfromany web enabledcomputer, and receive link toconnect and listen to and watchthepresentation. Talks can originate at variouslocations (UNAM, MexicanPetroleumInstitute, ERNO, etc). Powerpoint file withpresentation can be downloadedlater Difficultiesencounteredwithspeed of transmission, loss of audio

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