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Polysomes and polypeptide elongation

Learn about polysomes, the group of ribosomes bound to mRNA, and the process of polypeptide elongation where amino acids are added. Explore tRNA binding, peptide bond formation, and more.

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Polysomes and polypeptide elongation

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  1. Polysomes and polypeptide elongation Sun Hwa Dong

  2. Polysomes (=Polyribosomes) • Group of ribosomes bound to a mRNA • Read one strand of mRNA simultaneously • To translate, each ribosome follows repeated steps • After each repetition, one amino acid is added to elongating polypeptide

  3. Polypeptide Elongation • A tRNA – amino acid approaches the ribosome and binds at A site. • 2 tRNAs can be at a ribosome at one time; the anticodons are paired to codons • Peptide bond formation attaches the peptide chain to the newly arrived amino acid • The ribosomes moves forward; “empty” tRNA exists from the E site; the next amino acid-tRNA complex is approaching the ribosome

  4. Vocabulary • Polysomes • mRNA, tRNA • Amino acid • Codon, anticodon • Polypeptide elongation

  5. Bibliography • Study guide pg 64 • http://classes.midlandstech.edu/carterp/Courses/bio101/chap14/chap14.htm • http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/biobookprotsyn.html

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