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CHEMICAL CHANGE 17.3

CHEMICAL CHANGE 17.3. Chapter Seventeen: Chemical Change. 17.1 Chemical Reactions 17.2 Balancing Equations 17.3 Classifying Reactions. Chapter 17.3 Learning Goals. Classify reactions based on how atoms combine to create new substances. Discuss applications of polymer science.

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CHEMICAL CHANGE 17.3

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  1. CHEMICAL CHANGE 17.3

  2. Chapter Seventeen: Chemical Change • 17.1 Chemical Reactions • 17.2 Balancing Equations • 17.3 Classifying Reactions

  3. Chapter 17.3 Learning Goals • Classify reactions based on how atoms combine to create new substances. • Discuss applications of polymer science. • Study examples of combustion reactions.

  4. Key Question: How can you predict the products of a chemical reaction? Investigation 17C Classifying Chemical Reactions

  5. 17.3 Addition reactions • The process of creating large molecules from small ones is called polymerization.

  6. 17.3 Addition reactions • In an addition reaction, two or more substances combine to form a new compound.

  7. 17.3 Addition reaction A+B----->AB Fe (s)+O2 (g)----->Fe2O3(s) Remember to balance! Fe+O2----->Fe2O3 4 3 2

  8. 17.3 Decomposition reactions • A chemical reaction in which a single compound is broken down to produce two or more smaller compounds is called a decomposition reaction.

  9. 17.3 Decomposition reaction AB-energy-> A+B 2 H2O (l) -electricity-> 2 H2(g) + O2 (g) Na2O(s) 2 NaHCO3(s) + CO2 (g) + 2 H2 (g) -heat->

  10. 17.3 Single Displacement • In a single-displacement reaction, one element replaces a similar element in a compound.

  11. 17.3 Single Displacement A + X X B B -----> + A Fe Fe + Cu Cu Cl2 Cl2 -----> + -----> +

  12. 17.3 Double Displacement • In a double-displacement reaction, ions from two compounds in solution exchange places to produce two new compounds. • One of the compounds formed is usually a precipitate that settles out of the solution, a gas that bubbles out of the solution, or a molecular compound such as water.

  13. 17.3 Double Displacement AB+CD--->AC+BD Pb(NO3)2+ KI--->PbI2+KNO3 2 2

  14. 17.3 Precipitation reactions • A precipitate is a new solid product that comes out of solution in a chemical reaction. • The formation of a cloudy precipitate is evidence that a double-displacement reaction has occurred.

  15. 17.3 Precipitation • The limewater test for carbon dioxide is a precipitation reaction.

  16. 17.3 Combustion reactions • A combustion reaction, also called burning, occurs when a substance such as wood, natural gas, or propane combines with oxygen and releases a large amount of energy in the form of light and heat.

  17. 17.3 Combustion reactions • What do reactants like wood, natural gas, and propane have in common?

  18. 17.3 Combustion CxHy+O2---> CO2+H2O+energy C6H12O6+O2---> CO2+H2O 6 6 6 +energy

  19. Hydrogen Powered Cars • Scientists and engineers from government agencies, universities, and all of the major automobile manufacturers are designing, building, and testing hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, also known as FCVs.

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