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Working with Citations

This guide provides essential strategies for mastering MLA citations in your writing. It covers the importance of in-text citations, how to structure them correctly, and the required elements for the works cited page. You'll learn how to cite various sources, such as books, films, and articles, to enhance your writing's credibility and avoid plagiarism. The guide also emphasizes proper formatting to strengthen your ethos as a writer. Prepare to elevate your academic writing with clear examples and practical tasks to reinforce your understanding.

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Working with Citations

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  1. Working with Citations March 1, 2013

  2. For Today • Getting started • Citations (MLA) • In-Text • Works Cited • Application • Closing reflection

  3. Getting Started • In what ways are you accustomed to citing in your writing? • This will most likely refer back to your high school writing experience, but other experiences are welcome .

  4. In-Text Citations: Why We Use Them We use in-text citations to: • To indicate that the idea, concept, wording etc. is not our own. • To indicate to the reader where the information was and can be found. • To lend further ethos to our own writing.

  5. How In-Text Citations Work • Occur at the end of a direct quote, paraphrase or summary. • They are parenthetical (in-text citation). • They are placed at the end of a sentence. • For print/web texts, they contain the author’s last name & page number. • The information in an in-text citation correlates to the information in the works-cited page And They Look Like This: (Ede 186) A Typical In-Text Citation Looks Like This: “Like your choice of language, medium, and writing strategies, your choice of sources will depend to some extent on your purpose” (Ede 186). Not This: “Like your choice of language, medium, and writing strategies, your choice of sources will depend to some extent on your purpose”. (Ede 186)

  6. Other Common Types of In-Text Citations So, a lot of you will be citing films. In-text citations of a film are similar to texts, but use the director’s last name & release year. In the film Incident at Oglala…(Apted 1992). In-text citations of TV Shows use the episode title. Olivia Benson, a character on the show Law and Order: Special Victims Unit says to a victim “You had no idea he had been lying to you?” (“Ballerina”) which suggests…

  7. The Works Cited Page • Offer a full citation of a text, website, film, tv show, etc. • Citations should be listed in alphabetical order. A Typical Citation of a Book Looks Like This: Cannon, Aminah. Future Published Book Title. Tucson: Southwest Publishing. 12 Never 2065. Print. *Note how lines after the first are indented.

  8. Notes On Works Cited • Sometimes you will have to look for the information you need to cite. • URLs are not necessary • All the information you need may not always be provided (especially when using websites). Be sure to indicate this when necessary. n.d. (no publisher)/n.p. (no publisher) Or even n.a. (not available)

  9. Your Task Pt. I • Read through the article • Once finished, pull two quotes and provide an in-text citation for each. One way setting off your quotes include, but are not limited to: Switek states that

  10. Your Task Pt. II • Take a few minutes to try your hand at writing citations based on the discussion and examples provided today. • You should have: a book, a scholarly article, a film, and you’ve already got the website article. • Write 1 full citation for each. (Sorry, I don’t have enough for everyone so you’ll have to share by trading off)

  11. The Purdue OWL Why We Use It: • Kept up-to-date • User-friendly • Provide an example for just about every citation possible Navigating the OWL: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/11/

  12. Formatting The formatting of a paper is usually as follows:

  13. Formatting Cont.

  14. Changing Settings in Word • As indicated on the course website, papers should be double-spaced with 1” margins. There should be no extra space between paragraphs. • To change the settings in Word: Home > Paragraph > Line Spacing > Remove Space After Paragraph

  15. What’s the Difference? This is…

  16. Versus

  17. Grammar, Grammar, Grammar Top 10 Grammar Mistakes: http://wire.rutgers.edu/p_grammar_top10.html This is provided by Rutgers University

  18. Closing Reflection • How does correct formatting affect ethos? Why? • What might a reader assume if your formatting isn’t correct? • This indicate if you would like an email reminder for your conference

  19. Homework & Reminders • Assignment 3 game plan due by 10p tonight. • Conferences are next week there is no class • If you do not show up you will be given an absence. • “Good” questions—see course website. Under Course Calendar > Class Notes > Getting Started: Questions • What’s after Spring Break? • We will be preparing your annotated bibliographies. (as scheduled). Please be keeping track of your sources and taking notes on how you use them. You will need this. • Working with conclusions—tying up loose ends. • Remediation: Assignment 4 guidelines will be posted by the end of the break.

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