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Photosynthesis (leaf structure)

Photosynthesis (leaf structure). Leaf Structures. To understand photosynthesis it is important to understand the leaf structures and functions . Leaves are the plants “ food supply factory .”

meredith-horton
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Photosynthesis (leaf structure)

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  1. Photosynthesis (leaf structure)

  2. Leaf Structures • To understand photosynthesis it is important to understand the leaf structures and functions. • Leaves are the plants “food supply factory.” • In higher plants the leaf structures is adapted to maximize light absorption and carbon dioxide diffusion.

  3. Leaf structures • Veins (xylem and phloem) • Mesophyll • Palisade layer (parenchyma cells) • Spongy Layer • Cuticle • Upper and Lower epidermis • Stomates • Guard cells

  4. Veins (xylem and phloem) • This is a network that acts like a plumbing system that supplies water and minerals to the leaf and that carries the products of photosynthesis away to other parts of the plant. • Xylem: carries water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaves • Phloem: carries the food made in the leaves to the rest of the plant

  5. Mesophyll • The green leaf cells between the upper and lower epidermis of a leaf which is loaded with chloroplasts. • The mesophyll consists of 2 layers: • Palisade layer (parenchyma cells) • Spongy Layer

  6. Palisade layer (parenchyma cells) • This layer is found right below the upper epidermis, which is made of parenchyma cells. • Most photosynthesis in plants takes place in the palisade layer of the leaves

  7. Spongy Layer • This layer is found below the palisade layer and above the lower epidermis, which contains many air spaces. • The spongy layer is involved in gas exchange.

  8. Cuticle • This is a thin non-living waxy substance that covers leaves. • The cuticle helps reduce water loss and protection from most bacteria, fungi, and insects.

  9. Upper and Lower epidermis • This is a single layer of cells, which covers the upper and lower surfaces of leaves. • The epidermis also provides protection to the leaves from most bacteria, fungi, and insects.

  10. Stomates • Are minute pores found in the epidermis of leaves, which allows diffusion of gases in and out. • During the day, stomata absorb carbon dioxide from the air and release oxygen and water. • Evaporation of water from the leaf is referred to as transpiration, is the major source of water loss in leaves.

  11. Guard cells • Are two bean-shaped cells that surround the stomata. • The guard cells control the size of the stomata. • When the guard cells swell, the stomata open. • When the guard cells shrink, the stomata close.

  12. Chloroplast Chloroplast- a organelle in plant cells and algae that contain the chlorophyll pigments and the enzyme systems for photosynthesis.

  13. Chlorophyll a light absorbing pigment that gives plants their green color and converts the energy of sunlight to food in the process known as photosynthesis.

  14. Plant leaf pigments

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