Concrete mixers

1. Concrete mixers

2. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer A concrete mixer is a device that homogeneously combines cement, aggregate such as sand or gravel, and water to form concrete. A typical concrete mixer uses a revolving drum to mix the components.

3. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer

4. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer The first similar material to concrete was introduced about 14,000 years ago in the eastern part of Turkey. It took until 100 AD, when the Romans invented the „Opus Caementitium“, which has the consistency similar to cement. In 1849 the French gardener Joseph Monier introduced steel as reinforcement (in Europe called Moniersteel) People were constantly looking for more effective ways to mix concrete.

5. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer The first hand-powered concrete mixers were invented in 1854 by Louis Cézanne. Then in 1930 revolving-drum mixers were introduced by three American manufacturers in the US market. Modern day concrate mixers are still used in this way.

6. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer By definition a concrete mixer is a device that combines cement, aggregate such as sand or gravel, and water to form concrete. A typical concrete mixer uses a revolving drum to mix the components. For smaller volumes, portable concrete mixers are often used so that the concrete can be made at the construction site, giving the workers ample time to use the concrete before it hardens.

7. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer Concrete mixers are powered by a gas engine, which is located right next to the drum. The rotating drum is an exposure, because it can cause different damages to the human body.

8. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer The major safety concerns are, that the drum and the engine can harm the operator in different ways, such as bruises, burns, amputations, fractures, etc. This leads not only to lifelong disabilities for the accident victim, it leads also inevitably to lost time and lost money for all involved parties.

9. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer There were no deadly accidents with concrete mixers mentioned in the fatality data from 1990-2007. Source: Information extracted from OSHA construction worker fatality data (1990-2007) Despite this, other sources reveal that serious injuries have occurred with the use of concrete mixers

10. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer More than 250,000 people work in concrete manufacturing. Over 10 percent of those workers - 28,000 - experienced a job-related injury or illness and 42 died in just one year.

11. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer OSHA states any person using a power operated (gas or electric) tool or machine should be trained in the operation of that particular tool or machine. The safety plan should be known by all workers on the construction site There are no further regulations for concrete mixers.

12. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer What PPE to wear while operating a concrete mixer: Safety glasses (ANSI Z87) and face shield Leather gloves Ear plug NRR 32 or ear muff NRR 29 Hard hat required (ANSI Z89) Reflective safety vest Class III Safety steel toe rubber boot P-, N- or R-95 respirator

13. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer Cement Dust Hazard: Exposure to cement dust can irritate eyes, nose, throat and the upper respiratory system. Skin contact may result in moderate irritation to thickening/cracking of skin to severe skin damage from chemical burns. Silica exposure can lead to lung injuries including silicosis and lung cancer.

14. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer Solutions: Rinse eyes with water if they come into contact with cement dust and consult a physician.Use soap and water to wash off dust to avoid skin damage. Wear a P-, N- or R-95 respirator to minimize inhalation of cement dust Eat and drink only in dust-free areas to avoid ingesting cement dust.

15. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer Wet Concrete Hazard: Exposure to wet concrete can result in skin irritation or even first-, second- or third-degree chemical burns. Compounds such as hexavalent chromium may also be harmful.

16. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer Solutions: Wear alkali-resistant gloves, coveralls with long sleeves and full-length pants, waterproof boots and eye protection.Wash contaminated skin areas with cold, running water as soon as possible.Rinse eyes splashed with wet concrete with water for at least 15 minutes and then go to the hospital for further treatment.

17. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer Machine Guarding Hazard: Unguarded machinery used in the manufacturing process can lead to worker injuries.

18. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer Solutions: Maintain conveyor belt systems to avoid jamming and use care in clearing jams Ensure that guards are in place to protect workers using mixers, block makers, cubers and metalworking machinery such as rebar benders, cutters and cage rollers. Establish and follow effective lockout/tagout procedures when servicing equipment. Be sure appropriate guards are in place on power tools before using them.

19. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer Poor Ergonomics Hazard: Improper lifting, awkward postures and repetitive motions can lead to sprains, strains and other musculoskeletal disorders.

20. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer Solutions: Use hand trucks or forklifts when possible. Lift properly and get a coworker to help if a product is too heavy. Avoid twisting while carrying a load. Shift your feet and take small steps in the direction you want to turn. Keep floors clear to avoid slipping and tripping hazards. Avoid working in awkward postures.

21. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer Further safety tips: Ensure the concrete mixer cannot topple down during work. Make sure the concrete mixer is leveled and on firm ground! Stop the engine during maintenance and filling work! Do not reach into the running drum! Use personal safety equipment! Do not use gas-powered concrete mixers indoors! Stop the engine while refueling, let the machine cool down! Take care, that only trained people operate this machine! Ensure, everyone knows the location of the emergency cut off switch! Make pre operation inspections of equipment!

22. Concrete Mixer Introduction Parts of the Concrete Mixer History of the Concrete Mixer General purpose and use Concrete Mixer Accidents OSHA Regulations Safety Precautions Caring for the Concrete Mixer Clean the concrete mixer regularly, but remember it should be switched off, with no chance to switch it on during cleaning work. Let only professionals maintain the concrete mixer.