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AP Environmental Science Weekly Schedule: March 6 - 10

This week's schedule for AP Environmental Science includes key deadlines and activities. On Wednesday, AP exam fees are due, and students will participate in the Cookie Lab, measuring radish plants and picking up tests for corrections. Thursday will follow up on the Cookie Lab, and students must pick up lab journals. Key discussions will focus on nonrenewable mineral resources and mining practices. Important chemistry posters are due Friday. Ensure all tasks are completed on time to stay organized and prepared for the upcoming AP exam.

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AP Environmental Science Weekly Schedule: March 6 - 10

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  1. Wednesday - APES • AP exam fees due March 9 • Cookie Lab today • Pick up tests for test corrections during period • Measure radish plants • Chem poster due Friday • 2 pictures included

  2. Cookie Mining The economics of mining. Purchasing: land, mining equipment Paying for: operations & reclamation

  3. Instructions • Mass cookie • Mass graph paper • Place cookie on graph paper – mining area • Don’t use your hands, only tools • Toothpicks, paper clips • Following instructions 1-17 • Record on side 2 • Keep graph paper for lab journal • Write information on graph paper as needed

  4. Thursday - APES • AP exam fees due March 9 • Pick up lab journals • Pick up tests for test corrections (due Mon.) • Cookie Lab follow up • Measure radish plants • Chem poster due Friday • 2 pictures included (details on back) Discussion Ch. 16

  5. Nonrenewable Mineral Resources

  6. Finding Buried mineral Deposits • Aerial photos/satellite images – outcroppings • Radiation-measuring – detect deposits (uranimum) • Magnetometer – magnetic field changes caused by magnetic minerals (iron ore) • Gravimeter – differences in density of ore and surrounding rock

  7. Finding Buried mineral Deposits Underground: • Drilling a deep well/extracting core samples • Seismic surveys – shock waves, rock bed composition • Chemical analysis – water/plants, detects deposits

  8. Removing Buried Mineral Deposits Surface mining (p. 341) Shallow deposits removed Strip away overburden – soil/rock (spoils) 90% nonfuel mineral, 60% coal • Open-pit – dig a hole • Dredging scrape up underwater deposits • Area strip mining – trench digging, cover back with overburden • Contour strip mining – power shovel, cuts terraces • Mountaintop removal – explosives, huge machines; rubble  streams (env.damage)

  9. Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 • Requires co. to restore land to original usage

  10. Subsurface mining - Deep depositsp. 342 • Removes coal, metal ores • Deep vertical shaft, tunnels • Environ. Disturbance – minimal • Warning: subsidence (cave ins), black lung disease

  11. Environmental effects of use • Enormous amt. energy • Land disturbance - scarring • Soil erosion • Air/water pollution • Acid mine drainage – 40% west. watersheds

  12. Acid Mine Drainage -impact on a lake after receiving effluent from an abandoned tailings impoundment for over 50 years

  13. The same tailings impoundment after 7 years of sulfide oxidation. The white spots in Figures A and B are gulls. Relatively fresh tailings in an impoundment. http://www.earth.uwaterloo.ca/services/whaton/s06_amd.html

  14. Mine effluent discharging from the bottom of a waste rock pile

  15. Shoreline of a pond receiving AMD showing massive accumulation of iron hydroxides on the pond bottom

  16. Groundwater flow through a tailings impoundment and discharging into lakes or streams.

  17. Life Cycle – Mineral ore fig. 16-15 • Extracting – removal from earth’s crust • Purifying – separating ore from gangue (waste) • Tailings – piles of waste • Smelting – separate metal from other elements • Converted to product

  18. Phase in Full-Cost Pricing • Include cost of environ. harm in price of goods made from minerals

  19. Mineral Supplies – p. 345 • Available/affordable • Economically depleted: • Costs more to find, extract, transport, process than it’s worth • Recycle/reuse • Wastes less • Use less • Find a substitute • Do without

  20. New Technology – Nanotechnology • Atomic/molecular level technology • Manipulate atoms 1-100 nm wide • Medicines • Solar cells • Buckyballs – soccer ball shape carbon • Cosmetics/sun screen • Little environmental damage • Unintended consequences • Smaller – more reactive • More toxic potentially • Fish – brain damage w/in 48 hrs. • Precautionary principal

  21. Energy resources removed from the earth’s crust include: oil, natural gas, coal, and uranium www.bio.miami.edu/beck/esc101/Chapter14&15.ppt

  22. Minerals -Commonly Found: fault lines – divergence/convergence (oceanic & continental crust) magma risen to the surface hot spots & hydrothermal vents (ocean) manganese nodules - ocean floor. small underwater volcanoes - copper, lead, zinc, silver, gold & other metallic minerals. evaporite mineral deposits –dissolved by ground water -left in lakes - water evaporates

  23. APES – Mondaytest corrections in box • Lab Today – Part 2 Extracting Copper from Malachite • Cookie and Copper Labs Due Thursday, 3/8 • AP exam fees due next Friday, 3/9 • Daily Light Savings Time – this weekend

  24. Extracting Metal From a Rock: Chemically refine malachite to produce copper. Part 1: Dissolve the Copper • CuCO3 (s) + H2SO4 (aq)  • CuSO4 (aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l)

  25. Monday Part 2: Retrieving the Copper • CuSO4 (aq) + 2Fe (s)  3Cu (s) + Fe2 (SO4) 3 (aq)

  26. Write up Purpose Follow write up instructions Procedure Part 1 – 4 sentences Part 2 – 4 sentences Results: (qualitative/quantitative) Part 1 data tables Part 2 data tables Discussion Questions: 7 Conclusion

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