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11 th Grade TAKS Review. Political Influences on United States History. The Magna Carta was signed by King John in 1215. It asserted the right of British citizens to A trial by jury No imprisonment without a trial No taxation except by approval of Parliament. Magna Carta 1215. 1492.
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11th Grade TAKS Review
The Magna Carta was signed by King John in 1215. It asserted the right of British citizens to A trial by jury No imprisonment without a trial No taxation except by approval of Parliament Magna Carta 1215
1492 Christopher Columbus arrived in the Americas.
Colombian Exchange A series of interactions between the Native Americans and Europeans.
Jamestown, Virginia First permanent English settlement in North America. 1607
Passed by Parliament in 1689. English rights reinforced: no taxation right to petition individual rights English Bill of Rights 1689
Declaration of Independence signed. Start of the Revolutionary War. United States established as an independent nation. 1776
A system of government in which power is held by the people and their will is carried out by elected representatives. Representative Government
Declaration of Independence July 4, 1776 Written by Thomas Jefferson American colonies declare independence from England List of grievances against King George III
Declaration of Independence The Declaration states the two major principles on which the Constitution is based: Government gets its power from the consent of the governed. All men are created equal and have unalienable rights.
Thomas Jefferson Main author of the Declaration of Independence 3rd President
Rights/Privileges according to the Declaration of Independence. These rights cannot be taken away. Unalienable Rights are: Life Liberty Pursuit of happiness Unalienable Rights
Grievances = Complains
Colonial Grievances Taxation without consent (permission) No representation No trial by jury Quartering troops Standing armies in peace time
Revolution Armed rebellion Uprising against the government or authority A period of great change
Free from influence or control of other nations, sovereign. Independence
The war of independence fought between Britain and 13 of its colonies in North America 1775-1783 American Revolution
Leader of the Continental Army during the Revolution 1st president of the United States George Washington
Battles that started the American Revolution. Lexington and Concord (1775)
Colonist victory over British. Turning point in Revolutionary War. French offer help to colonists. Battle of Saratoga (1777)
Colonists defeated the British. The British surrendered. End of military struggle. Battle of Yorktown (1781)
Ended the Revolutionary War. British recognized colonists’ independence. British gave colonists all the lands stretching west of the Mississippi River. Treaty of Paris (1783)
An alliance of states where states have the majority of the power and retain their sovereignty. Confederation
First government of United States from 1781 – 1788. State sovereignty Weak national government No standing army No power to tax No courts No executive Articles of Confederation
U.S. Constitution written at Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia Ratification of Constitution and Federalist Papers in 1788. 1787
1787 Constitutional convention resulted in creation of FEDERAL government (separate executive, judicial and legislative branches) Convention replaced the Articles of Confederation and wrote the U.S. Constitution Philadelphia Convention
Basic law and government of the United States Based on 7 principles: Republicanism Popular sovereignty Federalism Limited government Separation of power Checks and balances Individual rights Principles of theU.S. Constitution
The idea that government is controlled by the people who hold power and elect representatives, giving those representatives power to make and enforce laws. Republicanism
All political power rests with the people who can create, alter, and abolish government. Popular Sovereignty
Limits are placed on the powers of government Everyone, including all authority figures, must obey the laws Limited Government
Each branch of the government shares its power and checks the other two. Prevents any branch of government from becoming too powerful. Checks and Balances
Distribution of the powers of government between a central (federal) government and the regional (states) governments. Federalism
Form of government organized in three branches A legislative branch (Congress) An executive branch (the President) A judicial branch (Supreme Court) Separation of Powers
The rights of the people protected in the Bill of Rights including: Economic rights related to property Political rights related to freedom of speech and press personal rights related to bearing arms and maintaining private residences Individual Rights
Newspaper articles in New York state. Explained reasons why people should adopt the new US constitution. Authors: Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, John Jay. Federalist Papers
Approve Ratify
The way of making changes to the U.S. Constitution Amendments
First ten amendments to the Constitution (ratified in 1791) Bill of Rights
States that “Congress shall make no law” restricting freedom of: Speech Press Religion Assembly Petition First Amendment:Religious and Political Freedom
Second Amendment:Right to Bear Arms Guarantees the right of states to organize militias, or armies, and the right of individuals to bear arms.
Third Amendment:Quartering of Troops Soldiers cannot be housed in people’s homes unless it is approved by law.
Protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures. If a judge believes the search is reasonable, a search warrant will be granted. Fourth Amendment:Search and Seizure