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E-Business Fundamentals

E-Business Fundamentals. E- Business can be defined as the application of computer networks for business purpose. In other words it is modern business method for need of organization, merchants and consumers.

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E-Business Fundamentals

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  1. E-Business Fundamentals E- Business can be defined as the application of computer networks for business purpose. In other words it is modern business method for need of organization, merchants and consumers. E- Business is new way of conducting, managing and executing business transactions using computer and telecommunication networks. SheetalChhabra

  2. E-Business is expected to improve the productivity and competitiveness of participating business by providing unprecedented access to an online global marketplace with millions of customers and thousands of products and services. Another goal is to provide participating companies with new more cost and time efficient means for working with customers suppliers and development partners. Sheetal Chhabra

  3. E-Business improve quality of goods and services. E-Business replaces the swapping of money or goods with the exchange of information from computer to computer. Now traditional business is oriented to E-Business. Sheetal Chhabra

  4. Sheetal Chhabra

  5. B2B(Business to Business): It is a term commonly used to describe the transaction of goods or services between business. It is a term that used in automated process between trading partners. Sheetal Chhabra

  6. For example dell.com, this company sells computers to several other companies via the Internet. Thus eliminating the middle man and reducing costs by a great deal. There are two types of B2B. 1. Horizontal 2. Vertical Sheetal Chhabra

  7. Horizontal: They are producers and operate different levels. Vertical: Work with industries and make their money from advertising sites or from transaction fees. Sheetal Chhabra

  8. B2C: It describes activities of commercial organizations serving the end consumer with products / services. The B2C segment can be used for advertising and selling products ranging from books or CDs to T-Shirt or even computers. Sheetal Chhabra

  9. C2B: In C2B consumers offer products and services to companies and the company pay them. This type of business is a complete reversal of traditional business. Example princeline.com ( In the prince line model customers quote the price that they are willing to pay for a product or service) Sheetal Chhabra

  10. C2C: In C2C business involves the electronically facilitated transactions between consumers through some third party. The auction sites where sellers can place their products for sale and buyers can bid for them. e.g. ebay.com, auctionindia.com, amazon.com Sheetal Chhabra

  11. BENEFITS OF E-BUSINESS 1)Reduce Time to complete business transactions. 2)Reduce Overhead Cost. 3)Improved product analysis. 4)Improved Market analysis. 5)Reduce inventories. 6)Reduced cost to buyers. 7)Create new product and services. 8)Enhance human capital 9)Reach new market. 10)Better departmental interactions. 11)Reduced Errors. 12)Improved customer relation. Sheetal Chhabra

  12. Electronic business Framework: • From the business Activity already taking place, it is clear that E-Business applications will be built on the existing technology • Infrastructure, Literary of computers, communication networks and communication software forming the necessary information. • Figure shows a variety of possible e-Business applications, including both inter-organizational and consumer oriented. Sheetal Chhabra

  13. E business Applications • Supply chain Mgmt • Video on Demand • Remote Banking • Procurement and Purchasing • Online Marketing & Advertising • Common business services infrastructure security / authentification/ e – Payment • The messaging & information distribution infrastructure • Multimedia content & network publishing infrastructure Public Policy Legal & privacy Issue Technical Standards for e-documents multimedia & network Protocol Sheetal Chhabra

  14. Building Blocks in the Infrastructure Common Business service, for facilitating the buying and selling process. Messaging and information distribution publishing, for creating a product and a means to communicate about it. The information super highway is very foundation for providing the highway system along which all e-business must travel. Sheetal Chhabra

  15. Building Blocks in the Infrastructure The two pillars supporting all e-business applications and infrastructure. Public Policy:- to govern such issues as universal access, privacy and information pricing Technical Standards:- To dictate the nature of information publishing, user interface and transport in the interest of compatibility across the entire network. Building the various highway is not enough. Transport vehicles are needed, routing issues must be addressed and of-course the transportation costs must be paid. Sheetal Chhabra

  16. E- Business Application 1. Electronic Fund Transfer. 2. Enterprise Application Integration 3. Supply Chain Management. 4. Remote Banking. 5. Video On Demand. 6. Home Shopping. Sheetal Chhabra

  17. 1. Electronic Fund Transfer. EFT systems are a major form of e payment systems in banking and retailing industries. These systems use a variety of information technologies to capture and process money and credit transfers between banks and businesses and their customers. For example ATM support banking at location throughout the world. In addition most point of sale terminals in retail stores are networked to bank EFT systems, this makes it possible for you to use a credit card or debit card to instantly pay for groceries or other purchases at retail outlets. Sheetal Chhabra

  18. 2. Enterprise Application Integration EAI interconnects several e business application clusters. EAI software enables users to model the business processes involved in the interactions that should occur between business applications. EAI also provides middleware that performs data conversion and coordination, application communication & messaging services and access to the application interface involved. Thus EAI software can integrate a variety of enterprise application Sheetal Chhabra

  19. 3. Supply Chain Management. The e-business opportunity lies in the fusing of each company’s internal system to those of its suppliers, partners and customers. This fusion forces companies to better integrate enterprise supply chain processes to improve manufacturing efficiency and distribution effectiveness. Many companies are making supply chain management (SCM) a top strategies objective of their e business initiatives. It is an absolute requirement if they want to meet their e business customer value what the customer wants, when and where it is wanted at the lowest possible cost. Sheetal Chhabra

  20. 4. Remote Banking RB is one of the most important modern banking services enabling the customers to make payments from any place in the world and at any time via a PC or mobile phone. Telephone banking or mobile banking is the most convenient and simple methods of receiving information on the status of the account and transactions on the account may be performed by telephone. The remote banking is also known as the Internet Banking. It allows you to access your credit account via the Internet from your phone or computer. It is free and gives you access to your account 24 hour a day. Sheetal Chhabra

  21. 5. Video on Demand VOD is an interactive multimedia system that works like cable television, the difference being that the customer can select a movie from a large video database. VOD systems allow users to select and watch video and clip content over a network as part of an interactive television system. E.g.: Interactive TV guides, Interactive telephone yellow pages. Sheetal Chhabra

  22. Overview of Electronic Commerce Sheetal Chhabra

  23. Business-to-business (B2B) • Businesses make online transactions purchases with other business • Business-to-consumer (B2C) • Online transactions between businesses and consumers • Business-to-employee (B2E) • Information and services made available to employees online Definitions Sheetal Chhabra

  24. E-business • EC defined from these perspectives • Communications • Business process • Service • Online • Collaborations • Community EC Electronic Commerce Terms Sheetal Chhabra

  25. Pure vs. Partial EC: based on the degree of digitization of • Product • Process • Delivery agent • Traditional commerce: all dimensions are physical • Pure EC: all dimensions are digital • Partial EC: all other possibilities include a mix of digital and physical dimensions Electronic Commerce Terms (cont.) Sheetal Chhabra

  26. .com + • Internet vs. Non-Internet EC • VANs • LANs • Click and Mortar Electronic Commerce Terms (cont.) Sheetal Chhabra

  27. Figure 1-1The Dimensions of Electronic Commerce Sheetal Chhabra Source: Choi et al. (1997), p. 18.

  28. A method of doing business by which a company can generate revenue to sustain itself. • Examples: • Name your price • Find the best price • Dynamic brokering • Affiliate marketing Business Models Sheetal Chhabra

  29. Group purchasing • Electronic tendering systems • Online auctions • Customization and personalization • Electronic marketplaces and exchanges • Supply chain improvers • Collaborative commerce Business Models (cont.) Sheetal Chhabra

  30. Orbis Corporation Business Models (cont.) Sheetal Chhabra

  31. Orbis Corporation Business Models (cont.) Sheetal Chhabra

  32. A market is a network of interactions and relationships where information, products, services, and payments are exchanged. • It handles all the necessary transactions • It is a place where shoppers and sellers meet electronically • Sellers and buyers negotiate, submit bids, agree on an order, and finish the execution on- or off-line Electronic Markets (E-marketplaces or E-market spaces) Sheetal Chhabra

  33. Transactions in Electronic Markets Sheetal Chhabra

  34. Electronic exchanges provide dynamic pricing by matching real-time supply and demand • Live auctions • Stock exchanges Electronic Exchanges Sheetal Chhabra

  35. Inter organization Information Systems • Inter organizational information system (IOS) involves information flow among two or more organizations • Major objective is efficient routine transaction processing, such as transmitting orders, bills, and payments using EDI or extranets • Scope: Unified system encompassing two or several business partners • Typical IOS includes a company, its suppliers, and and/or customers Sheetal Chhabra

  36. Figure 1-3 A Framework for Electronic Commerce Sheetal Chhabra

  37. Management information systems Accounting and auditing Management Business law and ethics Others • Marketing • Computer sciences • Consumer behavior and psychology • Finance • Economics Electronic Commerce is Interdisciplinary Sheetal Chhabra

  38. The New World of Business • Business pressures • Organizational responses • The role of Information Technology (including electronic commerce) The Driving Forces ofElectronic Commerce Sheetal Chhabra

  39. Market and economic pressures Strong competition Global economy Regional trade agreements (e.g. NAFTA) Extremely low labor cost in some countries Frequent and significant changes in markets Increased power of consumers Major Business Pressures Sheetal Chhabra

  40. Societal and environmental pressures Changing nature of workforce Government deregulation of banking and other services Shrinking government subsidies Increased importance of ethical and legal issues Increased social responsibility of organizations Rapid political changes Major Business Pressures (cont.) Sheetal Chhabra

  41. Technological pressures Rapid technological obsolescence Increase innovations and new technologies Information overload Rapid decline in technology cost vs. performance ratio Major Business Pressures (cont.) Sheetal Chhabra

  42. Strategic systems • Continuous improvement efforts • Business process reengineering (BPR) • Business Alliances • Electronic commerce Organizational Responses Sheetal Chhabra

  43. IT Support and EC • Reducing cycle time and time to market • Empowerment of employees and collaborative work • Supply chain improvements • Mass customization • Change management Sheetal Chhabra

  44. Benefits to Organizations • Expands the marketplace to national and international markets • Decreases the cost of creating, processing, distributing, storing and retrieving paper-based information The Benefits of EC Sheetal Chhabra

  45. Benefits to Organizations (cont.) • Allows reduced inventories and overhead by facilitating pull-type supply chain management • The pull-type processing allows for customization of products and services which provides competitive advantage to its implementers Benefits of EC (cont.) Sheetal Chhabra

  46. Benefits to Organizations (cont.) • Reduces the time between the outlay of capital and the receipt of products and services • Supports business processes reengineering (BPR) efforts • Lowers telecommunications cost - the Internet is much cheaper than value added networks (VANs) Benefits of EC (cont.) Sheetal Chhabra

  47. Benefits to consumers • Enables consumers to shop or do other transactions 24 hours a day, all year round from almost any location • Provides consumers with more choices • Provides consumers with less expensive products and services by allowing them to shop in many places and conduct quick comparisons Benefits of EC (cont.) Sheetal Chhabra

  48. Benefits to consumers (cont.) • Allows quick delivery of products and services (in some cases) especially with digitized products • Consumers can receive relevant and detailed information in seconds, rather than in days or weeks • Makes it possible to participate in virtual auctions Benefits of EC (cont.) Sheetal Chhabra

  49. Benefits to consumers (cont.) • Allows consumers to interact with other consumers n electronic communities and exchange ideas as well as compare experiences • Facilitates competition, which results in substantial discounts Benefits of EC (cont.) Sheetal Chhabra

  50. Benefits to society • Enables more individuals to work at home, and to do less traveling for shopping, resulting in less traffic on the roads, and lower air pollution • Allows some merchandise to be sold at lower prices benefiting less affluent people Benefits of EC (cont.) Sheetal Chhabra

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