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Eating Disorders II (Chapter 8) March 26, 2012 PSYC 2340: Abnormal Psychology Brett Deacon, Ph.D.

Eating Disorders II (Chapter 8) March 26, 2012 PSYC 2340: Abnormal Psychology Brett Deacon, Ph.D. Schedule. 2 classes on eating disorders 4 on substance use disorders Exam #3 – April 9 th. From Last Class. Suicide – risk factors and clinical decision-making Eating disorders

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Eating Disorders II (Chapter 8) March 26, 2012 PSYC 2340: Abnormal Psychology Brett Deacon, Ph.D.

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  1. Eating Disorders II(Chapter 8)March 26, 2012PSYC 2340: Abnormal PsychologyBrett Deacon, Ph.D.

  2. Schedule • 2 classes on eating disorders • 4 on substance use disorders • Exam #3 – April 9th

  3. From Last Class • Suicide – risk factors and clinical decision-making • Eating disorders • Overview of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa

  4. Psychology in the News • Publishing replications of psychology experiments • Difficulties publishing replication of ESP study described here: http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2012/mar/15/precognition-studies-curse-failed-replications • Actual published replication: http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0033423

  5. For Today • Causal influences and treatment of eating disorders

  6. Anorexia Nervosa • Hallmark symptom = successful weight loss (less than 85% of expected weight) • Intense fear of obesity, even though underweight • Disturbance in body image • In most-menarchael women, absence of at least three consecutive menstrual cycles • Restricting type – no binging and purging • Binge-eating-purging type – regular binging and purging

  7. Bulimia Nervosa • Recurrent episodes of binge eating • Eating unusually large amounts of food within a 2-hour period, sense of lack of control during binge • Recurrent compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain • Self-induced vomiting, diuretics, laxatives, fasting, exercise • Binging and purging occurs at least 2x/week for 3 months • Self-evaluation unduly influenced by body shape and weight • Disturbance does not occur exclusively during episodes of anorexia nervosa • Purging type and Nonpurging type

  8. Guest Expert • Jennifer Hall, M.S.

  9. Causes of Bulimia and Anorexia • Psychological and behavioral considerations • Low sense of personal control and self-confidence • Perfectionistic attitudes • Preoccupation with food and appearance • Mood intolerance • Distorted body image

  10. Causes of Bulimia and Anorexia • Found mostly in Westernized cultures • Predominantly in middle and upper class Caucasian women • Major racial and cultural differences

  11. Causes of Bulimia and Anorexia • Media and cultural considerations • Being thin = success, happiness • Cultural imperative for thinness  dieting • Standards of ideal body size change • Media standards are difficult to achieve

  12. Body Image Exercise 1. What is your gender? 2. What figure most approximates your current figure? 3. What figure represents what you would like to look like (ideal figure)? 4. What figure do you think would be most attractive to the opposite sex? 5. What figure of the opposite sex do you find most attractive?

  13. Ratings for Women Actual men’s ideal figure M = 3.0 Perceived men’s ideal figure M = 2.7 Ideal figure M = 2.8 Current figure M = 3.7

  14. Ratings for Men Actual women’s ideal figure M = 3.6 Perceived women’s ideal figure M = 3.5 Ideal figure M = 3.5 Current figure M = 3.5

  15. (Using data from all previous classes):It’s Good to be a Man • For men, there was NO DIFFERENCE between • Current figure = 3.5 • Ideal figure = 3.5 • Perceived women’s ideal figure = 3.5 • Actual women’s ideal figure = 3.6

  16. (Using data from all previous classes):For Women, First the Good News • No gender differences in current figure (3.5 vs. 3.7; p = .39) • Women overestimated how thin men prefer their ideal figure to be (2.7 vs. 3.0)

  17. (Using data from all previous classes):Now the Bad Newsthe Good News • Women had a thinner ideal figure than men (2.8 vs. 3.5; p = .00000002) • For women, current figure was fatter than ideal figure (3.7 vs. 2.8; p = .0000000000007) • For women, current figure was fatter than perceived men’s ideal figure (3.7 vs. 2.7; p = .0000000000004) • For women, current figure was also fatter than actual men’s ideal figure (3.7 vs. 3.0; p = .000000001) • Men find the “most attractive” woman to be thinner than women find the “most attractive” man (3.0 vs. 3.6; p = .000000003) • In order to be most attractive to the opposite sex, women think they need to be thinner than men (2.7 vs. 3.5; p = .0000000000003)

  18. 2012 Academy Awards: Best-Dressed Womenhttp://www.celebuzz.com/2012-02-26/best-dressed-celebs-at-2012-oscar-awards-photos/

  19. 2012 Academy Awards: Best-Dressed Menhttp://www.celebuzz.com/2012-02-26/best-dressed-celebs-at-2012-oscar-awards-photos/

  20. Causes of Bulimia and Anorexia

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