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Trade Routes in the Classical Era: 600 BCE - 600 CE

Trade Routes in the Classical Era: 600 BCE - 600 CE. Silk Roads Indian Ocean Routes Trans-Saharan Trade Routes. Methods of Transportation. Arab-Indian Dhow (Indian Ocean). Bactrian Camel (Central and East Asia). Dromedary-Arab Camel (North Africa and Middle East). Desert Caravans.

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Trade Routes in the Classical Era: 600 BCE - 600 CE

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  1. Trade Routes in the Classical Era: 600 BCE - 600 CE Silk Roads Indian Ocean Routes Trans-Saharan Trade Routes

  2. Methods of Transportation Arab-Indian Dhow (Indian Ocean) Bactrian Camel (Central and East Asia) Dromedary-Arab Camel (North Africa and Middle East) Desert Caravans Steppe Caravans

  3. Roman gold coins found In India Teakwood statues Spices Indianhow ship

  4. Eastern part of the ancient world accessible to travelers in the first century C.E.

  5. Trans-Saharan and East African Trade Regions (pre-Islam) Arab merchants Berbers SW Monsoon Winds Bedouin NE Monsoon Winds Nomadic Pastoralists “Swahili” is a reference to a later Bantu-Arabic hybrid language Goods include salt, iron tools, and gold From West Africa.

  6. The most famous of the trading routes established by pastoral nomads connecting the Chinese, Indian, Persian, and Mediterranean civilizations; transmitted goods and ideas among civilizations. China Rome Chang’an Antioch Parthia India

  7. Chinese Technologies Introduced to the West via Silk Road • The cultural exchange between China and the West offered mutual benefits and achieved common progress – Arabs and Persians acted as “middle men” • Merchant travelers and the stability of the Roman (PaxRomana) & Han empires greatly contributed to this movement. • The Chinese Four Great Inventions Paper making, printing, gunpowder and compass …as well as the skills of Silkworm breeding and silk spinning were later transmitted to the West. Exotic Indian Spices intrigued the Romans love for food • Pepper, Nutmeg, and cinnamon all had great cultural and economic impact along the Silk Road and Indian Ocean routes. This greatly sped up the commercial and cultural development of the “known” world! Silk & Porcelain from China Coinage, wheat, oil, from Rome Spices & Cotton from India

  8. ? Consider your understanding of the major developments in world history by 100 c.e. Predict: What other impacts would trade routes have besides those relating to commercial expansion?

  9. Diffusion of Art-Sculpture in the Greco-Roman Tradition Sabina, wife of the Roman Emperor Hadrian (136 CE) Parthian (Persia) Noblewoman FROM TO

  10. Gandharan Buddha 1st or 2nd Century CE The ancient kingdom of Gandhara stretched across parts of present-day Afghanistan and Pakistan. For a time, Gandhara also was a jewel of Buddhist civilization. Scholars of Gandhara traveled east to India and China and were influential in the development of early Mahayana Buddhism. Representation of the Buddha in the Greco-Buddhist art of Gandhara, 1st century AD. Blend from spread of Hellenistic style of sculpture by Alexander’s empire to Bactria.

  11. The travels of the Chinese Buddhist monk Faxian 337? - 422?c.e. He left from the capital, Chang’an in 399 c.e. Then along Silk Roads to India and Southeast Asia before returning home.

  12. Standing BuddhaNorthern Wei dynasty - China(386 – 534 CE) Of impressive size, this elegant Buddha Wear the three traditional garments of an Indian monk: An underskirt, an intermediate garment and a voluminous shawl. Evident signs of the diffusion of Buddhism From India to China via Silk Roads and Indian Ocean travels.

  13. Christ the Savior (Pantokrator), a 6th-century icon from Saint Catherine's Monastery, Mount Sinai (Egypt).

  14. Spread of Chan (Mahayana) Buddhism Big Wild Goose Pagoda: regarded by many as a symbol of the city Xi’an (Chang’an), the pagoda was built in 652 C.E. in the Tang Dynasty to house the Buddhist sutras brought back from India by the famous monk Xuan-zang.

  15. Diffusion of Hinduism and Buddhism to Southeast Asia through Indian Ocean Trade Temple to the Hindu God Shiva in Central Vietnam -4th century CE A Buddha in Borobudur, (Java) Indonesia – 9th century CE

  16. Nestorian Christian priests in a procession on Palm Sunday, in a 7th- or 8th-century wall painting from a Nestorian church in China

  17. Question:What impacts of Human-environmental interaction can still be predicted?Hint: The key to answering this, is the ability to analyze the question. (We mainly emphasized economic and cultural effects of these trade routes).

  18. Biological Impact Along Eurasian and Indian Ocean Trade Routes • Plague from China • Rice from East Asia • Sugar from Southeast Asia • Cotton from Mediterranean • Bananas from Southeast Asia

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