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MUTATIONS

MUTATIONS. Objectives: Compare and contrast gene mutations and chromosomal mutations. Define polyploidy. DO NOW: Create a picture using each shape only once!. What is wrong with this DNA??. TACGCCTAATGCACGTACGGATT ATGCGGATTACGTACATGCCTAA Mutation – a change in genetic material.

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MUTATIONS

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  1. MUTATIONS Objectives: Compare and contrast gene mutations and chromosomal mutations. Define polyploidy.

  2. DO NOW: Create a picture using each shape only once!

  3. What is wrong with this DNA?? • TACGCCTAATGCACGTACGGATT • ATGCGGATTACGTACATGCCTAA • Mutation – a change in genetic material. • 2 types: gene & chromosomal

  4. Substitution: one nucleotide is substituted for another TACGCCTAATGCACGTACGGATT ATGCGGATTACGTACATGCCTAA Gene Mutations • Point mutation – mutation at a single point.

  5. Deletion: a single base is deleted TACGCCTAATGCACGTACGGATT ATGCGGATTACGT CATGCCTAA Insertion: a single base is inserted TACGCCTAATGCACGTACGGATT ATGCGGATTACGTGGCATGCCTAA POINT MUTATIONS

  6. Frameshift Mutations • Insertions & deletions are also called frameshift mutations because they shift the way everything is read. THE FAT CAT ATE THE RAT X THF ATC ATA TET HER AT

  7. Chromosomal Mutations • Changes in the structure or number of chromosomes.

  8. Polyploidy • Polyploidy – having extra sets of chromosomes. • Diploid = 2N • Triploid = 3N • Tetraploid = 4N

  9. Are Mutations Bad? • Many mutations are neutral, meaning that they have little or no effect on the expression of genes or the function of the proteins for which they code. • Mutations that cause dramatic changes in protein structure or gene activity are often harmful!

  10. While watching… Answer these HOT questions • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S1asK1Azhjg • Predict what would happen if an animal has a mutation that changes the way

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