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Lipids

Lipids. Packet #10 Chapter #5. Introduction. Contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen Does not contain as many oxygen molecules as carbohydrates Formed via a condensation reaction and broken apart via hydrolysis. Functions of Lipids. Energy Storage Fats are stored for future energy use

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Lipids

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  1. Lipids Packet #10 Chapter #5

  2. Introduction • Contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen • Does not contain as many oxygen molecules as carbohydrates • Formed via a condensation reaction and broken apart via hydrolysis

  3. Functions of Lipids • Energy • Storage • Fats are stored for future energy use • Structural Support • Phospholipids • Critical component of the cell membrane • Insulation • Especially useful where hair and feathers are of little use • Example • Underwater • Blubber in whales • Waterproofing • Waxes • Leaf cuticles are made of waxes • Secreted from sebaceous glands of the skin

  4. Components of Lipids • Lipids are composed of two parts • Glycerol • Head • Hydrophilic • Fatty acids • Tail • Hydrophobic • Some lipids have one of the fatty acids replaced by phosphoric acid • These are called phospholipids • Very important component of the cell membrane

  5. Glycerol A syrupy, sweet, colorless or yellowish liquid, C3H8O3, obtained from fats and oils as a byproduct of saponification Glycerol is used as a solvent, an antifreeze, a plasticizer, a sweetener Glycerol is used in the production of dynamite, cosmetics, liquid soaps, inks, and lubricants.

  6. Fatty Acid Tails Chain of carbon and hydrogen joined together.

  7. Lipids II • Lipids can be categorized as fats or oils. • Fats • Solid at room temperature • Oils • Liquid at room temperature • Saturated Fats vs. Unsaturated Fats • Saturated • A molecule that has only single bonds • Found largely in animals • Unsaturated • A molecule that has one or more multiple bonds • Largely comes from plants • Better for one’s health because the ”kinks” prevent the fat molecules from packing closely together. • Helping reduce heart disease

  8. Kinks

  9. Phospholipids

  10. Phospholipids • Found at the surface of cells • Four main components • Glycerol • Fatty acids • PO4 {Phosphate/Phosphate Group} • Organic molecule

  11. Phospholipid Bilayer Phospholipidbilayer is a series of phospholipids that are found at the surface of cells and helps make up the cell membrane.

  12. Phospholipid Bi-Layer

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