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This text explores the philosophical foundations and governmental structures that unified ancient China, focusing on Confucius, whose teachings became the basis of Confucianism, emphasizing humanity, ancestor worship, and social harmony. It also discusses Taoism, founded by Lao-tzu, advocating humility and spiritual depth. Additionally, the establishment of the Qin Dynasty is highlighted, marking the inception of centralized imperial governance in China and notable achievements like the construction of the Great Wall.
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An Empire Unifies China Vocab 4.4
Confucius • Chinese philosopher whose ideas and sayings were collected after his death and became the basis of a Confucianism. • Followers of Confucianism believe in love forhumanity, ancestor worship, reverence for parents, and harmony in thought and conduct.
Taoism / Daoism • A Chinese philosophy based on the writings of Lao-tzu (6th century BC), advocating humility and religious piety.
Bureaucracy • A system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.
Qin Dynasty • The Chinese dynasty (from 246 BC to 206 BC) that established the first centralized imperial government and built much of the Great Wall