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Electron Configuration

This guide explores the fundamentals of electron configuration and quantum numbers that define electron arrangement in atoms. Learn about the principal quantum number (n), sublevels (s, p, d, f), and their orbital shapes, including spherical and dumbbell forms. Discover the Aufbau Principle, which dictates the order of electron filling, and the Pauli Exclusion Principle governing electron spins. Gain insights into exceptions to filling orders as atomic numbers increase, along with specific configurations for various elements, including Ne, Cr, and Ba.

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Electron Configuration

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  1. Electron Configuration

  2. Quantum Number • Number that specifies the properties of the atomic orbitals • Tells us the distance from the nucleus and the shape of the orbital

  3. Principal Quantum Number • Main level or shell • These are the Bohr energy levels n = 1, n = 2, n = 3 • As n increases, the distance from the nucleus increases

  4. Sublevel • Each main level is divided into sublevels • Four types of sublevels s p d f

  5. Orbital • Each sublevel is made of orbitals • Every orbital can hold 2 electrons

  6. s – 1 orbital – 2 electrons • p – 3 orbitals – 6 electrons • d – 5 orbitals – 10 electrons • f – 7 orbitals – 14 electrons

  7. S orbital • One spherical shaped orbital

  8. P orbitals • Three dumbbell shaped • One dumbbell in each axis

  9. P Orbitals

  10. D orbitals (5)

  11. F orbitals (7)

  12. Electron Configuration • Arrangement of electrons in an atom • Aufbau Principle – electrons fill into an atom starting with the lowest energy levels

  13. Electron Configuration Polka • electron configuration.avi

  14. Electron Spin • Way which the electrons rotate on their axis • Pauli Exclusion Principle – in order for two electrons to occupy the same orbital, they must have opposite spin • Write configuration for C S

  15. Higher Order • There are exceptions to the order of filling as you move to higher levels Br

  16. Which sublevel consists of 5 orbitals • s • p • d • f

  17. Which sublevel is made of dumbbell shaped orbitals? • s • p • d • f

  18. How many electrons fill the f orbitals • 2 • 6 • 10 • 14

  19. How many electrons fill the 3rd main energy level? • 2 • 8 • 18 • 32

  20. What is the correct electron configuration for P • 1s22s22p63s23p6 • 1s22s22p63s23p4 • 1s22s22p63s2 • 1s22s22p63s23p3

  21. What is the correct end configuration for Ba • 7s2 • 6s1 • 6s2 • 5s2

  22. Homework Write the electron configuration for each below: • Ne 6) I • Cr 7) Sr • Se 8) Kr • Cu 9) Sn • Ag 10) Zn

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