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“A Nation of Potted Plants”

“A Nation of Potted Plants”. Oil, subterfuge, and the overthrow of mohammad mosaddeq. Presented by Nate Levine. introduction. Thesis. Despite decades of amicable relations with Iran, the Eisenhower administration orchestrated the 1953 coup in order to: Secure access to Iranian oil

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“A Nation of Potted Plants”

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  1. “A Nation of Potted Plants” Oil, subterfuge, and the overthrow of mohammadmosaddeq Presented by Nate Levine

  2. introduction

  3. Thesis • Despite decades of amicable relations with Iran, the Eisenhower administration orchestrated the 1953 coup in order to: • Secure access to Iranian oil • Advance US economic interests

  4. Roadmap • Background AIOC and Iran Nationalization • Initial reactions: Great Britain & the U.S. • Operation TPAJAX • Aftermath (benefits for the U.S.)

  5. Iran before oil

  6. AIOC and Iran • Living conditions of Iranian workers • Lord Curzon: Allies “floated to victory on an ocean of oil”

  7. AIOC and iran

  8. Nationalization • Political situation chaotic • Mohammad Mosaddeqand the National Front • Nationalization supported unanimously

  9. Mosaddeq

  10. Initial Reactions • Great Britain furious, threatened Shah • Approached the UN • Boycott of Iranian oil • Approached the U.S. (Truman administration)

  11. Don’t forget the Cold war

  12. The coup • CIA justification • Bribery • Psychological campaign • Economic sabotage • Anti-Mosaddeq forces

  13. Aftermath & benefits for u.s. 1. Access to Oil • Oil Production

  14. Aftermath & benefits for u.s. 2. U.S. Benefits • Trade Deficits (standard of living) • Oil concessions • Money, money everywhere

  15. Conclusion • Despite years of amicable relations (Iranians viewed U.S. as alternative to imperialism),Eisenhower supported the 1953 CIA coup in order to: • Secured access to Iranian oil -enjoyed “ocean of oil” pre-nationalization -Cold War concerns • Advanced U.S. economic interests -trade deficits -oil concessions

  16. bibliography Berman, Morris. Dark Ages America: The Final Phase of Empire. New York: Norton, 2007. Gasiorowski, Mark J. and Malcolm Byrne, eds. Mohammad Mosaddeq and the 1953 Coup in Iran. Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press, 2004. “Iran Paves Way to Nationalize its Oil Fields: British Firm Faces Loss of Concession.” Chicago Daily Tribune, March 19, 1951. http://ezproxy.umw.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.umw.edu/docview/178027651?accountid=12299 Kinzer, Stephen. All The Shah’s Men. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2003. Marsh, Steve. “Continuity and Change: Reinterpreting the Policies of the Truman and Eisenhower Administrations toward Iran, 1950-1954.” Journal of Cold War Studies 7, no. 3 (Summer 2005): 79. Mokhtari, Fariborz. “Iran’s 1953 Coup Revisited: Internal Dynamics versus External Intrigue.” Middle East Journal 62, no. 3 (Summer 2008): 457. Ramazani, Rouhollah K. The Foreign Policy of Iran: A Developing Nation in World Affairs 1500-1941. Charlottesville, VA: The University Press of Virginia, 1966. TIME Magazine. “Mohammed Mossadeg, Man of the Year, Jan. 7, 1952.” TIME Man of the Year. Accessed November 30, 2013. http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19520107,00.html Towfighi, Parviz S. From Persian Empire to Islamic Iran: A History of Nationalism in the Middle East. Lewiston, NY: The Edwin Mellen Press, Ltd., 2009. Wilber, Donald. “Document 1: CIA, Clandestine Service History, Overthrow of Premier Mossadeqof Iran, November 1952-August 1953.” The National Security Archive (1954), accessed November 15, 2013, http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB435/#_ftn1

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