Organization & Delivery of Tertiary Systems at the District Level

1. Organization & Delivery of Tertiary Systems at the District Level Cynthia M. Anderson & Kimberli Breen University of Oregon & Illinois PBIS

2. Challenge for Schools Produce students who are academically and socially competent But, must meet these outcomes in the face of… • Students from increasingly varied backgrounds • Decreasing funding

3. Problems at Schools • Struggling readers • Can’t read at all • Letter/word reversal • Comprehension difficulties • Memorization difficulties • Retention problems • English language learners • Lack of number recognition • Math fact deficits • Homework completion • Sloppy work • Test anxiety • Oral reading fluency • Poor writing skills • Fights • Property destruction • Weapons violation • Violence toward teachers • Tobacco use • Drug use • Alcohol use • Insubordination • Noncompliance • Late to class • Truancy • Inappropriate language • Harassment • Trespassing • Vandalism • Verbal abuse and on and on and on and on and on and on and on

4. SWPBS: Universal Level Supporting Staff Behavior Supporting Decision Making OUTCOMES Systems Outcomes Practices Supporting Student Behavior

5. School-Wide Positive Behavior Support Intensive Interventions Specialized Individualized Systems for Students with High-Risk Behavior ~5% Targeted Interventions Specialized Group Systems for Students with At-Risk Behavior Universal Interventions School-/Classroom- Wide Systems for All Students, Staff, & Settings ~15% ~80% of Students

6. Supporting Staff Behavior Supporting Decision Making OUTCOMES Systems Outcomes Practices Supporting Student Behavior

7. Practices • Continuum of supports

8. Tier 1/Universal School-Wide Assessment School-Wide Prevention Systems Assessment Intervention Tier 2/Secondary Tier 3/ Tertiary Small Group Interventions(CICO, etc) Attendance, RFA, ODR, GPA, etc. Group Interventions with Individualized components CICO data, data from other targeted groups Function-based intervention Functional Behavior Assessment Adapted from T. Scott, 2004

9. Practices • Continuum of supports • Documentation for targeted and intensive interventions • What intervention consists of • Materials needed • Data-based decision rules • Plan for progress monitoring • Interventions for academic and social behavior linked BSP Features CICO Features

10. School-Wide Systems for Student Success:A Response to Intervention (RtI) Model Academic Systems Behavioral Systems • Tier 3/Tertiary Interventions 1-5% • Individual students • Assessment-based • High intensity • 1-5% Tier 3/Tertiary Interventions • Individual students • Assessment-based • Intense, durable procedures • 5-15% Tier 2/Secondary Interventions • Some students (at-risk) • High efficiency • Rapid response • Small group interventions • Some individualizing • Tier 2/Secondary Interventions 5-15% • Some students (at-risk) • High efficiency • Rapid response • Small group interventions • Some individualizing • Tier 1/Universal Interventions 80-90% • All students • Preventive, proactive • 80-90% Tier 1/Universal Interventions • All settings, all students • Preventive, proactive Illinois PBIS Network, Revised May 15, 2008. Adapted from “What is school-wide PBS?” OSEP Technical Assistance Center on Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports. Accessed at http://pbis.org/schoolwide.htm

11. Practices • Continuum of supports • Interventions for academic and social behavior linked • Multiple ways of identifying students who may benefit • Office discipline referrals • Request for assistance • Formative evaluations Sample Formative Evaluation

12. Supporting Staff Behavior Supporting Decision Making OUTCOMES Systems Outcomes Practices Supporting Student Behavior

13. Systems • Teams to support all students • SWPBS/leadership team • Guide implementation of universal intervention • Monitor outcomes and process (fidelity) • Braid incoming initiatives into SWPBS • Communicate with school community about SWPBS • Teams to • Build systems and interventions for secondary tertiary • Progress monitor • Conduct FBA & wraparound and build interventions

14. Example: IPBS Systems Goal: Build systems and interventions for secondary tertiary • Initial “new teams training” & admin training • Focus on systems and progress monitoring • Monthly district team meetings • Support plan coaching • Systems for Tier II interventions • What skills/materials are needed? • What are target behaviors? • What is the goal? • What defines progress and lack of progress? CICO Features

15. Example: IPBS Systems • Teams to support all students • SWPBS/leadership team • IPBS Team • Responsibilities • Membership • Coordinator • Administrator • FBA coordinator • Targeted interventions coordinator • Academic specialist • Representation from Regular and Special ed. Minutes

16. Example: IPBS Systems • Teams to support all students • SWPBS/leadership team • IPBS team • Student-focused team • Responsibilities • Conduct functional behavior assessment • Build support plan • Membership • Someone with expertise in function-based support • Teacher(s), other stakeholders • Parent, student

17. Example: Illinois PBIS • Tertiary Systems Planning Team • Secondary Systems Planning Team • Secondary (Generic) Problem Solving Team • Individual Youth FBA/BIP Team • Wraparound Team • District Tertiary Leadership Team

18. Example: Illinois PBIS’s Tertiary Planning Team • Administrator • Social worker/guidance/school psychologist • General Educator • Special Educator • Tertiary Coach

19. Example: Illinois PBIS’s Tertiary System Planning Team • Building-based team • Supported by Tertiary Coach • Review/assess all levels of intervention • Data, referrals, team perspectives • Focus on effectiveness of Tertiary interventions (data, not individual students) • Pull interventions down to Universal & Secondary levels (efficiency) • Strengthen Tertiary interventions with Universal & Secondary (effectiveness) • Support wraparound facilitators

20. Example: Illinois PBIS’ Student-Specific Teams • Wraparound Team: • Family of child and all relevant stakeholders invited by family. Wrap facilitators are trained to effectively engage families so that they will see that these teams are created by and for the family, and therefore will want to have a team and actively participate. School staff involved are informed that their presence is uniquely important for this youth and invited to participate. • Individual Youth FBA/BIP Team: • Like the wraparound team, this team is uniquely created for each individual child in need of comprehensive planning and the families are critical members of the team (esp. since planning is done based on multiple-life domains). All relevant individuals/staff are invited.

21. Systems • Teams to support all students • System for monitoring outcomes • Access to assistance • Assistance for teachers • Assistance for team members • Link across continuum of PBS (universal, targeted, intensive) • School-family connection

22. Supporting Staff Behavior Supporting Decision Making OUTCOMES Systems Outcomes Practices Supporting Student Behavior

23. Outcomes/Data • Individual students • Tools for data collection • Tools for easy graphing and evaluation • Teachers receive feedback regularly • Parents receive feedback regularly • Effects of system monitored • Outcomes • Fidelity • Social validity Daily Fidelity

24. Our Goal: Supporting students with significant challenges • With positive outcomes • With fidelity • Over time District Support

25. Challenges for Districts • Universal level of PBS available for ALL students • Moving from one-student at a time, reactive approaches to capacity within schools to support the behavior of ALL students? • Developing and implementing systems needed for tertiary implementation • Referrals to Special Education seen as the “intervention” • FBA viewed as required “paperwork” vs. a needed part of designing an intervention • Interventions the system is familiar with vs. ones likely to produce an effect

26. Districts Support School Practices • Practices to be supported • Targeted interventions • Function-based support • Data-based decision rules • District support • Investment in 2-4 targeted interventions • Initial and on-going training for relevant personnel • Build capacity in efficient FBA • Technical assistance available for comprehensive FBA/BSP • On-site coaching for new IPBS schools • Hiring practices promote implementation of evidence-based interventions

27. Districts Support School Systems • District teams support school teams • District leadership team • District IPBS team • SWPBS a priority for district • Funding available for school SWPBS efforts

28. Districts Support School Use of Data • District provides schools data system—all tiers • District uses data to guide decision-making • Training needs • Support needs • District highlights important outcomes for stakeholders

29. IPBS Timeline

30. So….. What are the Outcomes?

31. Summary… • Multi-tiered, comprehensive supports needed to meet needs of students in schools • Effective and sustained implementation requires clearly articulated • Interventions with empirical support • Systems to support implementation • Strategies to use data to guide decision-making District Support and Active Involvement

32. Questions about Illinois PBIS Questions about IPBS? Kim Breen Cynthia Anderson: canders@uoregon.edu