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The Evolution of the Church and the Impact of the Crusades (500-1200)

Between 500 and 1200, the Church faced significant challenges, including Viking raids that led to the loss of learning centers. Kings exerted control over bishops through lay investiture, prompting reforms by Pope Leo IX in 1049 against simony and clerical marriage. During the 1100s and 1200s, the Church was reorganized to resemble a kingdom, collecting tithes from Christian families. The Crusades began in 1097, with poorly prepared Europeans attempting to reclaim the Holy Land. Subsequent Crusades, especially the failed 2nd, resulted in loss of life, cultural clashes, and lingering bitterness.

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The Evolution of the Church and the Impact of the Crusades (500-1200)

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 14

  2. Setting the Stage • Between 500 and 1000, the Vikings attacked and looted church monasteries • As a result many centers of learning were lost

  3. Problems in the Church • Lay investiture put kings in control of church bishops. The Church believed that this should be left to the Church alone

  4. Reform • Pope Leo IX, took office in 1049 and enforced laws against simony and the marriage of priests

  5. Church Organization • In the 1100’s and 1200’s the Church was reorganized • It was restructured to resemble a kingdom

  6. Church Organization • The Church collected tithes • Tithes consumed one-tenth the yearly income from every Christian family

  7. The 1st Crusade • In early 1097, European people from all classes gathered outside Constantinople • They were poorly prepared for the geography, climate or culture of the holy land

  8. The 2nd Crusades • Crusader states were very vulnerable • Eventually the Crusader state of Edessa was taken by the Muslims • The 2nd Crusade was organized to recapture Edessa

  9. Effects of the Crusades • Thousands of knights lost their lives and fortunes • Christian intolerance and prejudice left behind a bitterness that continues today

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