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Former Prophets Intro

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Former Prophets Intro

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  1. Former Prophets

  2. Former Prophets

  3. Former Prophets A. The Former Prophets as Deuteronomistic History 1. Traditional Christian Interpretation

  4. Torah

  5. Former Prophets A. The Former Prophets as Deuteronomistic History 1. Traditional Christian Interpretation 2. Enlightenment: Chart

  6. Torah

  7. Former Prophets A. The Former Prophets as Deuteronomistic History 1. Traditional Christian Interpretation 2. Enlightenment: Chart 3. Martin Noth (1940’s) a. Abrupt beginning of Joshua: Continuity with Pentateuch b. Uniqueness of Deuteronomy: Discontinuity with Tetrateuch (Gen-Num)

  8. Torah

  9. Former Prophets A. The Former Prophets as Deuteronomistic History 1. Traditional Christian Interpretation 2. Enlightenment: Chart 3. Martin Noth (1940’s) a. Abrupt beginning of Joshua: Continuity with Pentateuch b. Uniqueness of Deuteronomy: Discontinuity with Tetrateuch (Gen-Num) c. Unifying elements: • Summarizing Reflections on History • Speeches/Prayers: Josh 1, 23, 1 Samuel 12, 1 Kings 8 • Results of the occupation of the land: Josh 12 • Anticipatory Survey: Judges 2:11ff • Retrospective reflection: 2 Kings 17:7ff • Common Themes • Obeying the “voice” of God • Lack of positive interest in cult practices • God’s retributive activity

  10. Former Prophets d. Time of Composition: Josiah’s reign (2 Kgs 21-23)

  11. Former Prophets 4. Paradigm shift 5. Refinements: Harvard School v. Göttingen School • Harvard: F. M. Cross, Steven McKenzie, Gary Knoppers, Richard Nelson, Richard Friedman; cf. Brian Peckham; A. D. H. Mayes, Iain Provan • Göttingen: R. Smend, W. Dietrich

  12. Former Prophets 4. Paradigm shift 5. Refinements: Harvard School v. Göttingen School • Harvard: F. M. Cross, Steven McKenzie, Gary Knoppers, Richard Nelson, Richard Friedman; cf. Brian Peckham; A. D. H. Mayes, Iain Provan • Göttingen: R. Smend, W. Dietrich 6. Evaluation: • Yes: Deuteronomistic tradition of historiography, i.e., a way of writing history informed by the book of Deuteronomy. • Very likely: Eventually development of a single Deuteronomistic work from Deuteronomy-2 Kings which however has at least literary units Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, Samuel-Kings

  13. Former Prophets 7. Key theme: Covenant Noth: to justify God’s action in destroying the nation Wolff: to call the people to repentance Relationship Defined through covenant Threatened by infidelity expressed through idolatry Protected and nurtured through the word of God Communicated as both warning and promise Assured by the action of God Functioning as both discipline and salvation

  14. Former Prophets Relationship Defined through covenant Threatened by infidelity expressed through idolatry Deuteronomy 5 • Law as covenant: “made a covenant” (v. 3) • Covenant as present and personal relationship: “with us” (v. 3), “not with our ancestors…but with us, with all of us who are alive here today” (v. 4), “the LORD spoke to you face to face…” (v. 5); “I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of Egypt, out of the land of slavery” (v. 6) • Idolatry as violation of relationship (vv. 7-10); cf. Deut 17:2-3; 31:16, 20; Josh 23:16; 24:23-25; Judg 2:19-20; 1 Kgs 11:9-11

  15. Former Prophets Relationship Defined through covenant Threatened by infidelity expressed through idolatry Deut 29:22-28 The nations will ask: “Why has the LORD done this to this land? Why this fierce burning anger?” And the answer will be: “It is because this people abandoned the covenant of the LORD, the God of their ancestors, the covenant he made with them when he brought them out of Egypt. They went off and worshiped other gods and bowed down to them, gods they did not know, gods he had not given them… 1 Kgs 9:6-9 “because they have forsaken the LORD their god, who brought their ancestors out of Egypt, and have embraced other gods, worshipping and serving them—that is why the LORD brought all this disaster on them.” 2 Kgs 17:14-15 “did not trust…rejected the covenant…followed worthless idols.”

  16. Former Prophets Relationship Protected and nurtured through the word of God Communicated as both warning and promise Assured by the action of God Functioning as both discipline and salvation The Word of Yahweh functions: • As law: warning, judging and destroying (prophetic call): 2 Kgs 17:13 • As gospel: promising, saving, forgiving: 2 Sam 7:16; 2 Kgs 25:27-30 The Action of Yahweh functions: • As discipline: purifying • As salvation: rescuing

  17. Former Prophets

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