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Old Testament. The Prophets. © John Stevenson, 2009. The Minor Prophets. Short on Words, Long on Truth. Hosea. God’s Covenant Marriage. Overview of Hosea. Hosea 1-3. Hosea 4-13. Hosea 14. Hosea’s Message. Hosea’s Marriage. Gomer’s… Unfaithfulness Discipline Restoration.
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Old Testament The Prophets © John Stevenson, 2009
The Minor Prophets Short on Words, Long on Truth
Hosea God’s Covenant Marriage
Overview of Hosea Hosea 1-3 Hosea 4-13 Hosea 14 Hosea’s Message Hosea’s Marriage • Gomer’s… • Unfaithfulness • Discipline • Restoration The case of God’s covenant lawsuit is set forth, showing how Israel has been the unfaithful bride Ultimate restoration
Hosea 6:6-7 6 For I delight in loyalty rather than sacrifice, And in the knowledge of God rather than burnt offerings. 7 But like Adam they have transgressed the covenant; There they have dealt treacherously against Me.
Hosea 14:1-2 1 Return, O Israel, to the LORD your God, For you have stumbled because of your iniquity. 2 Take words with you and return to the LORD. Say to Him, “Take away all iniquity, And receive us graciously, That we may present the fruit of our lips.”
Hosea 14:4-6 4 I will heal their apostasy, I will love them freely, For My anger has turned away from them. 5 I will be like the dew to Israel; He will blossom like the lily, And he will take root like the cedars of Lebanon. 6 His shoots will sprout, And his beauty will be like the olive tree, And his fragrance like the cedars of Lebanon.
Hosea 14:7 7 Those who live in his shadow Will again raise grain, And they will blossom like the vine. His renown will be like the wine of Lebanon.
Joel The Day of the Lord
Joel 2:30-31 30 And I will display wonders in the sky and on the earth, Blood, fire, and columns of smoke. 31 The sun will be turned into darkness, And the moon into blood, Before the great and awesome day of the LORD comes.
God’s Spirit to be poured out Sons and daughters to prophesy Dreams and visions Blood and fire, and vapor of smoke Sun darkened, moon into blood God’s Spirit was poured out Men and women prophesied Dreams and visions given Blood of Jesus shed and tongues of fire given Sun darkened at crucifixion Prophecy & Fulfillment
Amos The Prophet of Social Injustice
Amos 7:14-15 Then Amos answered and said to Amaziah, “I am not a prophet, nor am I the son of a prophet; for I am a herdsman and a grower of sycamore figs. 15 But the LORD took me from following the flock and the LORD said to me, ‘Go prophesy to My people Israel.’
Amos Chapters 1-2 Chapters 3-6 Chapters 7 - 9:10 Chapters9:11-ff For three transgressions and for four… • You were God’s chosen people (3) • Against the women (4) • Seek me that you may live (5) • Against the men (6) Judgments against Israel • Locusts • Fire • Plumb line • Ripe Fruit • Lord by the altar Five Visions of Judgment Promise of Restoration… • Of Israel • Of the nations • Forever • Damascus • Gaza • Tyre • Edom • Ammon • Moab • Judah • Israel
Amos 3:1-2 Hear this word which the LORD has spoken against you, sons of Israel, against the entire family which He brought up from the land of Egypt, 2 you only have I chosen among all the families of the earth; therefore, I will punish you for all your iniquities."
Amos 9:11-12 11 "In that day I will raise up the fallen booth of David, And wall up its breaches; I will also raise up its ruins, And rebuild it as in the days of old; 12 That they may possess the remnant of Edom And all the nations who are called by My name," Declares the LORD who does this
Obadiah Oracle against Edom
Judah • Edom
640 630 620 610 600 590 580 Jehoahaz Jehoiachin Kings of Judah Jehoiakim Josiah Zedekiah Jerusalem & Temple Destroyed Zephaniah Obadiah? Jeremiah Nahum Daniel Ezekiel Fall of Nineveh
Jonah The Compassion of God
• Nineveh Joppa • Jerusalem
Jonah 4:1-2 But it greatly displeased Jonah, and he became angry. 2 And he prayed to the LORD and said, “Please LORD, was not this what I said while I was still in my own country? Therefore, in order to forestall this I fled to Tarshish, for I knew that Thou art a gracious and compassionate God, slow to anger and abundant in lovingkindness, and one who relents concerning calamity.
Jonah 4:10-11 Then the LORD said, “You had compassion on the plant for which you did not work, and which you did not cause to grow, which came up overnight and perished overnight. 11 And should I not have compassion on Nineveh, the great city in which there are more than 120,000 persons who do not know the difference between their right and left hand, as well as many animals?”
Micah Who is like Yahweh?
Micah 6:6-7 6 With what shall I come to the LORD And bow myself before the God on high? Shall I come to Him with burnt offerings, With yearling calves? 7 Does the LORD take delight in thousands of rams, In ten thousand rivers of oil? Shall I present my first-born for my rebellious acts, The fruit of my body for the sin of my soul?
Micah 6:8 He has told you, O man, what is good; And what does the LORD require of you But to do justice, to love kindness, And to walk humbly with your God?
Micah 7:18 Who is a God like Thee, who pardons iniquity And passes over the rebellious act of the remnant of His possession? He does not retain His anger forever, Because He delights in unchanging love.
Micah 7:19-20 19 He will again have compassion on us; He will tread our iniquities under foot. Yes, Thou wilt cast all their sins Into the depths of the sea. 20 Thou wilt give truth to Jacob And unchanging love to Abraham, Which Thou didst swear to our forefathers From the days of old.
NAHUM The Prophet of Nineveh’s Destruction
Nahum and Jonah • Both Nahum and Jonah focus upon Assyria and their capital city of Nineveh. • Both Nahum and Jonah contain prophecies of Nineveh's destruction. • Both Nahum and Jonah close their books with a question.
HABAKKUK The Prayer & Praise of God’s Prophet
ZEPHANIAH Judgment against Judah
640 630 620 610 600 590 580 Jehoahaz Jehoiachin Kings of Judah Jehoiakim Josiah Zedekiah Jerusalem & Temple Destroyed Zephaniah Obadiah? Jeremiah Nahum Daniel Ezekiel Fall of Nineveh
Zephaniah 3:11-12 11 In that day you will feel no shame Because of all your deeds By which you have rebelled against Me; For then I will remove from your midst Your proud, exulting ones, And you will never again be haughty On My holy mountain. 12 But I will leave among you A humble and lowly people, And they will take refuge in the name of the LORD.
HAGGAI Call to Complete the Temple
2:1-9 2:10-19 2:20-23 2nd Sermon 3rd Sermon Closing words to Zerubbabel I will make you like a signet ring 1:1-15 Question: How can your houses be paneled while God’s house lies desolate? Question: How does this temple compare with the former temple? Question: Does the unclean produce clean? 1st Sermon Response: People came and worked Response: Latter glory will be greater than the former Response: A cleansing judgment & future blessings
ZECHARIAH Visions of Restoration
Four Horsemen 1:1 1:18 Horns and Smiths: Judgment EightVisions 2:1 Measuring Line: Flee Babylon 3:1 Joshua the High Priest 4:1 Zerubbabel & the Lampstand 5:1 Flying Scroll: Judgment Woman and Basket: Shinar 5:5 6:1 Four Chariots Two Sermons 7:1 A Call for True Justice 8:1 A Promise of Future Restoration Two Burdens Judgment on Enemies of Israel 9:1 12:1 The Coming of the Lord
MALACHI The Final Message