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PROTISTS

Explore the characteristics and classifications of protists, including animal-like, fungus-like, and plant-like protists. Learn about their movement, feeding methods, and reproduction. Discover examples such as amoeba, paramecium, zooflagellates, and algae. Compare and contrast the diverse world of protists.

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PROTISTS

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  1. PROTISTS

  2. Similarities and Differences in the Protist Kingdom • All are eukaryotes (cells with nuclei). • Live in moist surroundings. • Unicellular or multicellular. • Autotrophs, heterotrophs, or both. • Some can move - others cannot.

  3. 3 categories of Protists: • Animal-like • Fungus-like • Plant-like

  4. Animal-like Protists (Protozoans) *Unicellular Heterotrophs *Four groups based on movement: those with flagella, cilia, pseudopods, and the ‘others’.

  5. Protozoans with Pseudopods • Pseudopods also called ‘false feet’ • Cell membrane pushes in one direction & the cytoplasm flows into the bulge. • This allows the protozoan to move, dragging the rest of the cell behind it.

  6. Pseudopod Movement EXAMPLE OF HOW PSEUDOPODS MOVE FLOW PUSH DRAG

  7. Pseudopods & Feeding They can form pseudopods to surround & trap food. Then form a food vacuole to break down food in the cytoplasm.

  8. Pseudopods • Reproduce by mitosis • Contractile vacuole - it collects extra H2O & expels it from cell • Thin cell membrane • No definite shape. • Example - Amoeba

  9. Protozoans with cilia • Cilia - hairlike structures - help organisms move, get food and sense environment. • Multicellular with 2 nuclei. • 1 nuclei controls everyday functions • 1 nuclei is for reproduction. • Reproduce by mitosis or conjugation.

  10. Ciliates • Oral groove lined with cilia - moves H20 containing food into food vacuole at end of oral groove. • Food vacuole breaks down food and sends through cell. • Anal pore sends out waste. • Example of protozoan w/ cilia: paramecium.

  11. CONTRACTILE VACUOLE CILIA FOOD VACUOLE ORAL GROOVE FOOD VACUOLE ANAL PORE

  12. Protozoans with flagella • Organisms called zooflagellates • Use long whiplike part called flagella to move. • These usually live inside other organisms.

  13. Other Protozoans • Called sporozoans - parasites • Feed on cells & body fluids of hosts Sporozoans like Plasmodium (causes malaria) have more than 1 host: mosquitoes and then humans

  14. Funguslike Protists • Like animals, they are heterotrophs • Like plants, they have cell walls • Reproduce by spores (tiny cells that can grow into a new organism) • Not in fungi kingdom because they can move at one point in their lives. • Example are water or slime molds.

  15. Plantlike Protists • Better known as algae • Autotrophs • Size: unicellular to very large • Contain different pigments so they come in different colors. • Euglena: special type of algae -when there is no sunlight they become heterotrophic.

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