1 / 68

ANIMAL DIVERSITY

ANIMAL DIVERSITY. Radial Symmetry. NUMBER OF BODY LAYERS. Each embryo starts as a ball of cells – and move into different cell layers Endoderm – Digestive system Mesoderm - internal organs Ectoderm – skin and nervous system

mmori
Télécharger la présentation

ANIMAL DIVERSITY

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. ANIMAL DIVERSITY

  2. Radial Symmetry

  3. NUMBER OF BODY LAYERS • Each embryo starts as a ball of cells – and move into different cell layers • Endoderm – Digestive system • Mesoderm - internal organs • Ectoderm – skin and nervous system • ONCE A MESODERM IS PRESENT IN AN EMBRYO, THE ORGANISM IS ABLE TO DEVELOP COMPLEX AND EFFICIENT ORGAN SYSTEMS

  4. CoelomBODY CAVITY

  5. IMPORTANCE OF A COELOM • It keeps the INTERNAL ORGANS separated from the outer layer of the body – so that the internal organs can MOVE and GROW on their own.

  6. PHYLOGENETIC TREE • A phylogenetic tree shows how closely two groups are related. • It’s a hypothesis about the history of a group of organisms based on a particular set of chatacteristics. • A tree shows the ANCESTOR at the BASE. • An ancestor is the first species that began a new kingdom, phylum or other group of organisms. • The ancestor of ALL animals are COLONIAL PROTISTS.

  7. D: The original ancestral stock continues to evolve and diversifies to become Phylum 3 PHYLUM 2 PHYLUM 1 PHYLUM 3 C: A new species diverges from the branch leading to Phylum 1. This species is successful and it diversifies and becomes Phylum 2. C D B B: this is a point of DIVERGENCE where a new species evolved from the ancestral stock (Note the ancestral stock continues to exist) –It may undergo evolutionary change. A ANCESTRAL STOCK A: At the base of the tree, “Ancestral stock” means that all the taxonomic groups (phyla) above the trunk descended from a common ancestor

  8. Classification of Animals

  9. Porifera SEA SPONGES

  10. Characteristics of Porifera All sponges livein water Assymetrical Large colonies of individual cells Work together as a unit Sessile/non-motile animals Filter feeders

  11. Spicules (crystals) that form skeleton of sponges

  12. Hollow bodies

  13. Characteristics of Cnidaria • lives in water • diploblastic • soft-bodied (hydrostatic skeleton) • true tissues - no organs • acoelomatic • radial symmetrical • all carnivores • contain nematocysts • have coelenteron/enteron • mouth is only opening

  14. Blue bottles

  15. Platyhelminthes

  16. Characteristics of Platyhelminthes • Flat worms • Soft bodied ( hydrostatic skeletons) • Live in water • Bilaterally symmetrical • Many are parasitic • Concentration of nerves in the front of the organism • Triploblastic • Acoelomate • No through gut

  17. Planaria • Free-living flatworm • Do not live in hosts • Contain concentration of nerve material at the front • Have eyespots to distinquish between light and dark

  18. Body plan of Planaria

  19. Life cycle of the tapeworm

  20. Bilharzia

  21. Annelida Segmented worms

  22. Characteristics of Annelida • Segmented worms • Live in moist habitats • Bilaterally symmetrical • Contain a coelom • Through gut consists of a number of layers • besit goed ontwikkelde stelsels • Triploblastic

  23. Examples of Annelida

  24. Nematoda

  25. Arthropoda

  26. Characteristics of Arthropoda • Largest group of animals • Triploblastic • Bilaterally symmetrical • Through gut • Ectoskeleton • Most undergo metamorphosis • Body divided into 2 or 3 sections • Nervous system consists of brain and nerves

  27. Class Insecta Characteristics of Insecta • Three pairs of legs • Head, thorax and abdomen • One pair of antennae • Two compound eyes • Three simple eyes • Body is segmented

  28. Phylum ArthropodaClass Insecta

  29. Phylum ArtropodaClass Crustacea

  30. Class Crustacea - characteristics • Head and trunk • Two pairs of antenna • One pair compound eyes • Contain gills • Five pairs of jointed legs

  31. Class Arachnida

  32. Class Arachnida - characteristics • Cephalothorax and abdomen • No antennae • Four pairs of legs • Breathing through book lungs and tracheae • Only simple eyes

  33. Housefly (insect): Vector of cholera Proboscis of the housefly used to suck up moist food Symptoms of cholera: • diarrhea • vomiting • muscle cramps • dehydration • intense thirst • cold skin • kidney failure

  34. Tsetsefly: carrier of sleeping sickness

More Related