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PUNTO DE GRAMÁTICA 2

PUNTO DE GRAMÁTICA 2. Spanish Subject Pronouns. How they compare with English Subject Pronouns. Subject pronouns. A subject pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun that serves as the subject of a sentence. A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun.

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PUNTO DE GRAMÁTICA 2

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  1. PUNTO DE GRAMÁTICA 2

  2. Spanish Subject Pronouns How they compare with English Subject Pronouns

  3. Subject pronouns A subject pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun that serves as the subject of a sentence. A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun.

  4. Subject Pronouns in General English and Spanish both make use of subject pronouns. They can be organized as 1st , 2nd, and 3rd person. In English “I” and “we” are 1st person. “I” is 1st person, singular and “we” is 1st person plural. Let’s take a look at how subject pronouns are organized in English.

  5. English Subject Pronouns Singular Plural I we 1st person you you 2nd person he she it they 3rd person

  6. Spanish Subject Pronouns In general, Spanish subject pronouns are similar to English pronouns. The major differences are: Spanish has four ways of saying “you”. They are not interchangeable and do not mean the same thing. Also, we do not use “it” as a pronoun often in Spanish. One other major difference involves the use of gender. Let’s take a look.

  7. Spanish Subject Pronouns Singular Plural nosotros nosotras 1st person yo (vosotros) (vosotras) Uds. ` Tú Ud. 2nd person ellos ellas él ella 3rd person

  8. Let’s compare Plural Singular we = nosotros* we = nosotras** 1st person I = yo you = tú you = Ud. you = vosotros* you = vosotras** you = Uds. 2nd person they = ellos* they = ellas** he = él she = ella 3rd person *mixed group or all guys **all girls

  9. Now it is time to learn. • If you want to learn Spanish, you will need to learn the subject pronouns. • You can often tell what the subject is by the verb. Therefore in Spanish, it is not always necessary to include the subject. • Memorize these subject pronouns.

  10. 1st person singular pronoun “YO” • “Yo” means “I” and is used in the same way as in English. • Yo soy americano. • Yo soy estudiante. • Note that it is not capitalized unless it starts a sentence: • Mi amigo y yo…

  11. 2nd person singular pronoun “TÚ” Tú means you (familiar/ informal) Used when talking TOsomeone familiar We’ll learn more about this in a moment.

  12. 2nd person singular pronoun “Usted (Ud.)” Ustedmeans you (formal) Used when talking TOsomeone you should respect. Abbreviated - Ud. Considered a 2nd person singular pronoun, but uses the 3rd person singular verb forms. We’ll learn more about this pronoun in a moment.

  13. 3rd person singular masculine “ÉL” • Él = he • It is used when talking ABOUT a boy/guy/man. • used in the same way as its English counterpart: • Jorge es mexicano. Él es de Guadalajara. • DON’T forget the accent mark. If you do, you are actually writing the Spanish word for “the”

  14. 3rd person singular feminine “ELLA” • Ella = she • It is used when talking ABOUTa girl/woman. • used in the same way as its English counterpart: • Rosa es mexicana. Ella es de Acapulco. • Please pronounce it correctly. • It sounds like (eh-yah) not (el-lah)

  15. 1st person plural pronoun “Nosotros / Nosotras” yo yo • Use nosotros/ nosotrasto talk ABOUTa group of people that includes you. • In English we have one word to talk about “we,” but in Spanish, we distinguish between “we” masculine and feminine: • Juan: “Mi hermano y yosomos de Argentina. Nosotrosvivimos en Buenos Aires.” • Juana: “Mi hermana y yosomos de Bolivia. Nosotrasvivimos en La Paz.” • Use the masculine pronoun if it refers to a mixed group: • Juan: “Mi hermano, mi novia, y yosomos de Argentina. Nosotrosvivimos en Buenos Aires.” • Juana: “Mi hermana, mis padres, y yosomos de Bolivia. Nosotrosvivimos en La Paz.

  16. 2nd person plural pronoun “Vosotros / Vosotras” • Use vosotros/ vosotrasto talk TOa group of people that includes the word you’”. • In English we have one word to talk about “you all,” but in Spanish, we distinguish between “you all” masculine and feminine: • Juan: “Mi hermano y túsois de Argentina. Vosotrosvivís en Buenos Aires.” • Juana: “Mi hermana y túsois de Bolivia. Vosotrasvivimos en La Paz.” • Use the masculine pronoun if it refers to a mixed group: • Juan: “Mi hermano, mi novia, y túsois de Argentina. Vosotrosvivimos en Buenos Aires.” • Juana: “Mi hermana, mis padres, y túsois de Bolivia. Vosotrosvivimos en La Paz.

  17. 2nd person plural pronoun “Ustedes (Uds.)” Usted means you you formal Abbreviated - Uds. Considered a 2rdperson plural pronoun, but uses the 3rd person singular verb forms. We’ll learn more about this pronoun in a moment.

  18. 3rd person Plural masculine“Ellos” • Ellos= They (masculine) • It is used when talking ABOUTa group of boys/guys/men or a mixed group. • Used in the same way as its English counterpart: • Jorge y Pepeson mexicanos. Ellos son de Guadalajara. • Jorge y Ana son alumnos. Ellosson amigos también. • Please pronounce it correctly. • It sounds like (eh-yohs) not (el-lohs) • Remember ll= y sound.

  19. 3rd person plural feminine“Ellas” • Ellas= They (feminine) • It is used when talking ABOUTa group of only females. • used in the same way as its English counterpart: • Sofía y Ana son estudiantes. Ellas son amigastambién. • Please pronounce it correctly. • It sounds like (eh-yahs) not (el-lahs) • Remember ll= y sound.

  20. YOU, You, and You? • In English, there is only one “YOU”. It is singular and plural, masculine and feminine, formal and informal • Note: y’all or you all is not standard English, but we will use it to help learn the Spanish forms of “you”. • In Spanish there are 5 ways to express “you” • tú • usted (Ud.) • vosotros • vosotras • ustedes (Uds.)

  21. Tú vs. Usted Tú = you (informal/familiar) Use “tú” when talking to people with whom you are on a first name basis. friends family small children people younger than you pets Usted (Ud.) = you (formal) Use “Usted” when talking with people to whom you should show respect. People in authority (police, teachers, bosses, etc.) Strangers Acquaintances Adults • Let’s look at the singular forms first. Each one has a specific time when it used. If you use the wrong one, it can be offensive to the person with whom you are speaking.

  22. ¿Túousted? you

  23. María Tú

  24. Señor Gómez Usted

  25. Señora Ibarra Usted

  26. Eduardo Tú

  27. Juanita Tú

  28. Doctora Martínez Usted

  29. Señor González Usted

  30. Carla Tú

  31. la policía Usted

  32. Differences – Y’all • In Spanish there are three ways to say “all of you” or “you all” • Vosotros • Vosotras • Ustedes (Uds.) • Vosotros/vosotras are the plural forms of tú used primarily in Spain. • Ustedes is the plural form of usted in Latin America. • Vosotros is used when talking to a familiar group of males or a mixed group. • Vosotras is used when the entire group is female.

  33. ¿Ustedes (Uds.), vosotros ovosotras? you

  34. María y tú (boy)(in Spain) Tú María Vosotros

  35. Silvia y tú (girl)(in Spain) Silvia Tú Vosotras

  36. Silvia y tú(in LatinAmerica) Silvia Tú Ustedes (Uds.)

  37. María y tú(in LatinAmerica) Tú María Ustedes (Uds.)

  38. Señor Gómez y tú Ustedes (Uds.)

  39. Señora Ibarra y usted Ustedes

  40. Eduardo y tú(in LatinAmerica) Tú Eduardo Ustedes (Uds.)

  41. Eduardo y tú (boy)(in Spain) Tú Eduardo Vosotros

  42. Eduardo y tú (girl)(in Spain) Tú Eduardo Vosotros

  43. Doctora Martínez y tú Ustedes (Uds.)

  44. Señor González y usted Ustedes (Uds.)

  45. Determine what subject pronoun can be used to replace the following subjects. • Ejemplo:Chancho y VerónicaEllos, 3rd person plural • María y yo _____________________________ • 2. Juan, Julio, y Sofía _____________________________ • 3. Los gatos ______________________________ • 4. Mi amigo, Francisco ______________________________ • 5. Las chicas ______________________________ • 6. Tú y María (Spain) _____________________________ • 7. Alma ______________________________ Nosotros, Nosotras, 1st personpl Ellos, 3rdpersonpl Ellos, 3rdperson pl Él, 3rdperson sing Ellas, 3rdperson pl Vosotros, Vosotras, 2ndperson pl Ella, 1stperson sing

  46. Él, 3rdperson sing 8. Carlos ______________________________ 9. Silvia ______________________________ 10. Sr. Martinez y usted ____________________________ ‘  11. Usted y yo ______________________________ 12. El Señor Salsa ______________________________ 13. Los maestros ______________________________ 14. Los estudiantes ______________________________ Ella 3rdperson sing Ustedes, 2nd personpl Nosotros, Nosotras, 1st personpl Él 2nd person sing Ellos, 3rd personpl Ellos, 3rd personpl

  47. 15. Marta y ella ______________________________ 16. Marta y Juan ______________________________ 17. Marta y yo (Graciela) ____________________________ 18. Carmen y tú (Spain) ____________________________ 19. Sancho ______________________________ 20. Tú y yo (Mario) ______________________________ 21. Luisa y Marisela ______________________________ 22. Tú, tú y tú (Spain) _____________________________ Ellas, 3rdpersonpl Ellos, 3rdpersonpl Nosotras, 1stpersonpl Vosotros, Vosotras, 2ndpersonpl Él, 3rdperson sing Nosotros, Nosotras, 1stpersonpl Ellas, 3rdpersonpl Vosotros, Vosotras, 2ndpersonpl

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