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The Vietnam War: Origins, Conflict, and the Struggle for Independence

The Vietnam War emerged from a complex interplay of colonialism, communism, and global politics. Following the French occupation (1877-1940) and Japanese control during WWII (1940-1945), Vietnam's struggle for independence intensified. Ho Chi Minh, leading the North, sought to unite Vietnam under communism, while the U.S. aided France to halt the spread of communism, driven by the domino theory. The war's landscape shifted dramatically as Diem’s corrupt regime faced resistance from the Vietminh and Vietcong. The conflict escalated without formal declaration, marked by pivotal moments like the Gulf of Tonkin incident.

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The Vietnam War: Origins, Conflict, and the Struggle for Independence

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  1. Vietnam War

  2. Vietnam War 16.1 Reading

  3. Agreed to help the French to stop the spread of communism in SE Asia

  4. Containment Domino Theory

  5. What is the relationship/ connection between the pictures?

  6. Origins of the War • French Occupation (1877-1940) • Japanese Occupation (1940-1945) • Late 1945 – France sent troops back to Vietnam to take back the country Ho Chi Minh –Leader of North Vietnam; fought to unite Vietnam under Communism

  7. The US Aids France • The US & France saw the Vietminh as a dangerous Communist threat (domino theory) • The US helps France try to fight in Vietnam but France loses (Dienbienphu) and goes home

  8. Following WWII Vietnam was divided at the 17th parallel (N and S). • Ho Chi Minh is the leader of the North • Diem is the leader of the South

  9. Vietminh Vietcong

  10. Ho Chi Minh + Vietminh (his army) fight against France • Vietcong – South Vietnamese guerrilla fighters who were sympathetic to Ho Chi Minh

  11. Elections

  12. Diem would not participate in the elections because he knew he would lose

  13. How are these three pictures related?

  14. Quote from Ho Chi Minh about the war: • It is a “clash between a tiger and an elephant. In open battle the elephant would crush the tiger. If the tiger every once in awhile crept out of the jungle to tear chucks off the elephant’s hide, the elephant would slowly bleed to death.” • Who is the elephant and who is the tiger? What does this say about what kind of war this is going to be?

  15. Diem • Roman Catholic in an overwhelmingly Buddhist nation -did not win support from the people -was corrupt -was eventually assassinated

  16. Diem • Diem was a Roman Catholic in an overwhelmingly Buddhist nation -did not win support from the people -was corrupt -was eventually assassinated

  17. A monk set himself on fire to protest Diem’s ruthless policies

  18. USS Maddox USS Turner Joy

  19. USS Turner Joy and USS Maddox were allegedly attacked • Johnson went to Congress and received a blank check. • There was NO declaration of war

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