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The Influence of Bedouin Nomads on Early Islamic Society

Chapter 10 explores the Bedouins, the nomadic herders of southwest Asia and the Middle East. These resilient tribes moved through the desert in search of seasonal pasturelands for their animals, serving as forerunners to the Islamic peoples. Understanding the Bedouins' unique lifestyle and cultural practices is essential to comprehending the emergence of Islam around the year 500. This chapter delves into their survival strategies, social structures, and the vital role they played in the history of the region.

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The Influence of Bedouin Nomads on Early Islamic Society

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  1. Chapter 10

    Islam
  2. Bedouins Who: nomadic herders What: moved through the desert to reach seasonal pasturelands for their animals; predecessors the Islamic peoples Where: southwest Asia, Middle East When: 500 Why: they traded with settled Arab tribes in oasis towns; & protected caravan routes
  3. Bedouins (6) Who: nomadic herders What: moved through the desert to reach pasturelands for their herds Where: Arabian penin, ME When: 500 AD Why: competition for water & grazing land led to warfare; predecessors of the Islamic ppl
  4. Muhammad Who: prophet of Islam What: messenger of God, he founded the Islamic faith Where: Mecca, Arabian peninsula When: 570-632? Why: he was troubled by the morals of society & would meditate in the hills- heard an angel’s voice telling him “There is one God and one ppl” = the basis of Islamic faith, he started the Islam religion
  5. Muhammad (6) Who: Arab prophet of Islam; founder of Islam What: established the Muslim faith after receiving a vision that told him there was only one God Where: Mecca, Arabian penin., ME When: 570-632 AD Why: the Muslim faith has greatly influenced modern culture and would not exist w/o him
  6. Workbook part A 570- Muhammad was born 595- Muhammad meets Khadija (his wife) 622- faced w. threat of murder, M & his followers left Mecca for Yathrib (Medina); this marked the 1st year of the Islamic calendar- this journey was known as the Hijra 630- Muhammad returned to Mecca 632 Muhammad died
  7. Mecca Who: Muslims, Muhammad What: a market town at the crossroads of several trading routes, where Muhammad was born, where Islam was founded Where: Arabian peninsula, Middle East When: 570 AD Why: this is where Muhammad the prophet was born; the Islamic religion was founded here; the Kaaba is here
  8. Mecca (6) Who: Arabs & Muslims, Muhammad What: a bustling market town that is at the crossroads of many trading routes Where: Southern Arabian penin, ME When: 570 Why: the trading in the area helped make merchants wealthy; this is where M was born; this is where Islam was founded; this is where the Kaaba is located
  9. Yathrib Who: Muhammad & his followers What: a city that M & his followers flee to to avoid death; the journey here is known as the Hijra, a city near Mecca Where: Arabian peninsula, ME When: 622 Why: this city is where Muhammad & his followers escaped to avoid murder; it was later renamed Medina
  10. Hijra Who: Muhammad & his followers What: the journey from Meccca to Yathrib (Medina) of Muhammad & his followers Where: Arabian penin, ME When: 622 AD * Why: they left Mecca b.c. of the threat of murder= went to Yathrib (Medina) = this journey marks the 1st year on the Islamic calendar (beginning of Islam); today Muslims complete this journey as part of their religion
  11. Hijra (6) Who: Muhammad & his followers What: a religious journey from Mecca to Yathrib Where: from Mecca to Yathrib (Medina), Arabian penin, ME When: 622 * Why: this journey led M & his followers to safety = marked the 1st year of the Islamic calendar = Islam was now a religion
  12. Medina Who: M & his followers What: city that was renamed this, used to be Yathrib Where: Arabian penin, ME When: 622 AD Why: M visited here and it became known as “City of the prophet” & was renamed Medina; his journey to here marked the 1st year on the Islamic calendar
  13. Kaaba (Ka’ba) Who: Muslims What: a temple that Muslims believed Abraham built to worship God Where: Mecca, Arabainpenin, ME When: 630 Why: this became the most holy place in Islam; Muslims travel here to pay homage to Islam & Allah
  14. Quran Who: Muslims What: the sacred text of Islam Where: Mecca, Arabian penin, ME When: 622 Why: this states that ppl are responsible for theoir own actions, teaches God is all powerful & compassionate; lists the 5 pillars of the faith: Declaration of the faith; Daily prayer, Alms for the poor, Fasting, Hajj
  15. Mosques Who: Muslims What: a house of worship for the Islamic faith Where: Southwestern Asia, Mecca, ME When: 622- present Why: the second pillar of faith in the Islam religion is prayer- Muslims often meet in the mosque in order to pray
  16. Hajj Who: Muslim pilgrims What: a pilgrimage to Mecca to participate in ceremonies commemorating the actions of Muhammad Where: Mecca to Medina When: 622- present Why : their simple attire symbolized the abandonment of the material world for God; the 5th pillar for Muslims- they must make this journey 1 time in their life
  17. Jihad Who: Muslims What: struggle in God’s service, a personal duty of Muslims who focus on overcoming immortality w/in themselves; religious war Where: Arabian penin, ME When: 600s Why: this is a duty of the Muslims to defend their religion = still around today
  18. Sharia Who: Muslim scholars What: a body of law that includes interpretations of the Quran, Islamic law Where: Arabian penin, ME When: 600s Why: this regulates moral conduct, life, business practices, and government in Islamic nations and for Islamic ppl
  19. Workbook part B 3 main Bubbles: Quran Sacred text of Islam Sharia law 5 pillars of Islam Declaration of faith Pray 5 times daily Give charity to the poor Fast during Ramadan (don’t eat) Make Hajj (pilgrimage) to Mecca once in your lifetime
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