The Enjoyment of Music 10 th Shorter Edition

1. The Enjoyment of Music 10th Shorter Edition The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

2. PART THREEMore Materials of Music “All music is nothing more than a succession of impulses that converge towards a definite point of repose.” —Igor Stravinsky The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

3. Unit V The Organization of Musical Sounds “Composing is like driving down a foggy road toward a house. Slowly you see more details of the house, the color and slates and bricks, the shape of the windows. The notes are the bricks and mortar of the house.” —Benjamin Britten The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

4.  17. Musical Systems • A vibrating string sounds a certain pitch • Octave is basic interval • Western octave: 12 equal semitones • (half steps) • Major/minor scales: 7 pitches drawn from the 12 Billings:”Chester” (octave doubling) Vivaldi: Concerto for Piccolo (major key) Vivaldi: Concerto Grosso (minor key) The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

5.  The Formation of Major and Minor Scales • 12 semitones make up chromatic scale • White keys on a keyboard • Black keys on a keyboard • Two half steps = whole step Octave & # # # # # half steps whole step The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

6.  White Keys: C D E F G A B C Black keys are in between the white keys • Up a scale sharp ( # ) • Down a scale flat ( b ) • Black key above C is C#, D is D#, etc. • Black key below D is Db, E is Eb, etc. & The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

7. Key • Tonic & The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

8. Do re mi fa sol la ti do  The Major Scale • Do-re-mi-fa-sol-la-ti-do • No black keys between E and F (mi–fa) or B and C (ti–do) • E–F and B–C are half steps • Other white keys are whole step apart & The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

9. Do re mi fa sol la ti do  Major Scales Pattern • Major mode: w w h w w w h Tonic (do) Dominant (sol) & The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

10.  The Minor Scale • Minor mode: w h w w h w w b b & b Do re mi fa sol la ti do The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

11.  Chromaticism • Tones foreign to a key weaken the tonic relationship • Chromatictones • Diatonic tones C major scale # & # # # # The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

12.  Other Scale Types • Non-Western Pentatonic (5 note) Tritonic (3 note) Heptatonic (7 note) Microtonal scale Pentatonic Scale & The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

13. Different Ascending and Descending Patterns • Indian ragas Ascending b & b b Descending b & b b The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

14. Original melody Transposed melody (up a 4th) b Modulation (relative minor) 18. Aspects of the Major-Minor System • Using new key or temporarily shifting the tonal center & & & The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

15. Active and Rest Chords • Tonic triad • Dominant triad • Subdominant triad & 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8(1) tonic subdominant dominant The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

16. The Key as a Form-Building Element • Key provides musical unity • Movement from key to key creates a form • Home key provides unity • Foreign key provides variety and contrast The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

17. www.wwnorton.com/enjoy The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition