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Health Related Causes of Undernutrition

Health Related Causes of Undernutrition. Text extracted from The World Food Problem Leathers & Foster, 2004. http://www.lastfirst.net/images/product/R004548.jpg. Health and Nutrition. Poor nutrition leads to poor health AND Poor health leads to poor nutrition Vicious cycle.

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Health Related Causes of Undernutrition

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  1. Health Related Causes of Undernutrition Text extracted from The World Food Problem Leathers & Foster, 2004 http://www.lastfirst.net/images/product/R004548.jpg

  2. Health and Nutrition • Poor nutrition leads to poor health • AND • Poor health leads to poor nutrition • Vicious cycle Malnourished boy in Angola

  3. Infections cause Malnutrition • Loss of appetite • Intolerance of food • Cultural factors • Substitution of less nutritious diet when sick • Body loss of protein • Used to fight infection Hepatophilic Virus

  4. Infections and dietary deficiencies • Keratomalacia: Blindness • Vitamin A deficiency • Scurvy: Soft gums • Vitamin C deficiency • Beri-beri: Nerve inflamation • Vitamin B1 deficiency • Pellagra: Skin disorder • Niacin deficiency • Anemia: Blood disorder • Iron, B12 deficiency Scurvy

  5. Diarrhea and Nutrition • Diarrhea most common infection causing undernutrion • Kwashiorkor induced by diarrhea • Worst in children under 5 Diarrhea reduces • Water • Salts • Fatal if dehydration > 15% • 60-70% diarrhea deaths caused by dehydration

  6. Oral Rehydration Therapy • Diarrheal salt loss cannot be corrected by drinking salt water • More fluid pulled from body into intestine • If add sugar to salt, • sugar crosses intestinal lining • pulls salt into body

  7. Oral Rehydration Therapy • “The cheapest and most effective health intervention that can be implemented in the home to decrease childhood mortality” • UNICEF Diluted salt water with sugar

  8. Malnutrition Exacerbates Infection • Philippine children with respiratory infection were 13x more likely to die if malnourished • Malnutrition aggravates • Intestinal diseases • Worms • Parasites Philippine Children

  9. Malnutition Exacerbates Infection • Malnutrition most common cause of immune system deficiencies • Decreases in • white cell response • Interferon • skin integrity • Mucous membranes • Tissue replacement, repair • Children with PEM • Atrophied thymus • poor T cell production White blood cell surrounded by red blood cells

  10. Malnutrition reduces Stamina • Reduced capacity to cope with life • Reduced job performance • Reduced income for • Healthcare • Transportation to clinics • Medicines Gambia Pharmacy

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