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To-infinitive GERUND

To-infinitive Gerund. The to-infinitive after a verb often describes a future event.Eg: after hope, expect, promise, want, the event in the to-infintive comes after the activity or thought in the main verb:I hope to see you next week.Gerund describes an activity. We enjoyed seeing you last we

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To-infinitive GERUND

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    1. To-infinitive GERUND

    2. To-infinitive + Gerund The to-infinitive after a verb often describes a future event. Eg: after hope, expect, promise, want, the event in the to-infintive comes after the activity or thought in the main verb: I hope to see you next week. Gerund describes an activity. We enjoyed seeing you last weekend.

    3. G1- afford / agree G2 learn / need G3 ask / decide G4 promise / refuse G5 expect / fail G6 tell / want G7 hope / wish G8 want / decide

    4. afford / agree I agree to go to the Beijing trip this summer holiday. I can afford to buy this picture. learn / need We should learn to do housework. Human need to drink water.

    5. Hope / wish I hope to meet Beckham in England. I wish to fly up high in the sky. Want / decide I want to do the homework today. I decide to buy this book.

    6. Expect / fail We expect to pass the English exam. We failed to do the homework. Tell / want He wanted to tell her about his feelings.

    7. Ask / decide I asked my mum to go shopping with me. I decided to go hiking this Sunday. Promise / refuse I promised my mother to finish my homework by 6pm. I refuse to invite Yumiko to my party.

    8. No major difference in meaning Some verbs can be followed by either the to-infinitive or the gerund without any major difference in meaning:

    9. Gerund (general), to-infinitive (particular situation) Some verbs are generally followed by the gerund when used in a general sense The to-infinitive is often used for a particular situation.

    10. The Gerund is formed by adding ing to the base form of a verb. swim ? swimming eat ? eating run ? running

    11. The Gerund can be used As a noun E.g Running is my favourite sport. (subject) He tried running faster. (object) She was afraid of losing. (object of preposition)

    12. Exercise (swim) _________is a very good form of exercise. I have some (shop) ______to do this afternoon. (learn) _________English takes a long time.

    13. After adjectives + preposition accustomed to capable of fond of afraid of successful in good at tired of interested in E.g She is accustomed to training for many hours. He is good at running the 200 meters race

    14. Exercise Mary is fond of _______ (sing). The boy soon became accustomed to _______ (work) hard. Are you afraid of _______ (play) the exciting electronic games. She is never tired of _______ (talk) about her clever son.

    15. G1 admit G2- avoid G3 delay G4-deny G5-enjoy G6-finish G7 keep G8-mind

    16. Admit My brother admitted breaking the vase. Avoid I avoid walking on busy streets. Delay The school delayed opening this morning.

    17. finish I finish doing my homework. Keep After 4 hours, he keeps standing there. Mind Would you mind lending your pen to me.

    18. deny I deny that I am not good at singing. I deny doing a wrong thing I deny being late to school every day. I deny talking during the lesson. Enjoy I enjoy playing computer games.

    19. After verbs admit cant help dislike keep try finish advise keep enjoy appreciate mind avoid understand suggest forgive E.g John has finished repairing his bicycle. They enjoy walking in the evening. Mary dislikes swimming in winter.

    20. Exercise He kept ________(run) till the end. She enjoys _______ (run) for competition. They dislike _______(drive) small cars. He avoided ________(answer) my question. Would you mind me ________ (smoke) in this room.

    22. Bare infinitive Infinitive form without to After modal verbs (should, could, must..etc), had better and would rather We should respect people who are selfless and kind. Youd better prepare for the interview as youll be asked lots of questions. Id rather go for a walk.

    23. Bare infinitive p111 2. After let and make Mother Teresa let the poor die in dignity. The teacher made him stay behind after school. 3. After

    24. Bare infinitive Infinitive form without to After modal verbs (should, could, must..etc), had better and would rather We should respect people who are selfless and kind. Youd better prepare for the interview as youll be asked lots of questions. Id rather go for a walk.

    25. 1 I enjoy to swim. Which is correct ?

    26. 1 I want to study . Which is correct ?

    27. 1 I finish to eat . Which is correct ?

    28. 1 I need to study . Which is correct ?

    29. 1 I hope to study . Which is correct ?

    30. 1 I stopped to smoke. Which is correct ?

    31. Summary table for to-infinitive and gerund

    32. Summary table for to-infinitive and gerund

    33. Summary table for to-infinitive and gerund

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