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Kansas High Plains Aquifer: Analysis of 2005 Water Levels

Kansas High Plains Aquifer: Analysis of 2005 Water Levels. Geoffrey C. Bohling Brownie Wilson Geohydrology Section. Annual Measurement Program. High Plains Aquifer water levels measured annually by KGS and KDA-DWR since 1997 Evolved from USGS measurement program

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Kansas High Plains Aquifer: Analysis of 2005 Water Levels

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  1. Kansas High Plains Aquifer: Analysis of 2005 Water Levels Geoffrey C. Bohling Brownie Wilson Geohydrology Section

  2. Annual Measurement Program • High Plains Aquifer water levels measured annually by KGS and KDA-DWR since 1997 • Evolved from USGS measurement program • Measured in winter (January) to minimize effects of irrigation on measurements • Designed to monitor changes and identify regional trends in water table

  3. 1 well every 16 square miles Well Locations and HPA Extent Current monitoring network for HPA has 1348 wells

  4. Measurement Responsibility, 2004

  5. Measurement Responsibility, 2005

  6. Generalized N-S Cross-section From High Plains Aquifer Atlas: http://www.kgs.ku.edu/HighPlains/atlas/

  7. Data Collection: WaterWitch/WaterBug

  8. GPS Site Location with WaterWitch

  9. Water Bug On-site Data Entry With WaterBug

  10. Wizard Database http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Magellan/WaterLevels/index.html

  11. Winter 2005 Measurements • 1267 wells: 715 DWR, 552 KGS • Most measurements made in Jan. 2005, but range from Dec. 2004 – Feb. 2005 • Repeat measurements at 53 wells for quality control • 968 irrigation wells, 233 observation wells, rest other uses

  12. Statistical Quality Control • Analysis of variance to detect unwanted sources of variation in measurements • Measurer, ease of access, well use, oil on water, weighted tape, chalk cut quality, aquifer group • Use 1-year declines to factor out strong spatial correlation of measured depths • Conclusion: Aquifer group only significant source of variation (more later)

  13. 2005 Water Table Elevation

  14. Crossvalidation of Interpolation

  15. Interpolation Error Map, 2005 WTE

  16. 2004 to 2005 Declines

  17. Map of 2004 to 2005 Declines

  18. 1-Year Declines by Aquifer Group

  19. 2000 to 2005 Declines

  20. Map of 2000 to 2005 Declines

  21. 1995 to 2005 Declines

  22. Map of 1995 to 2005 Declines

  23. Decline Rate Comparison

  24. Five-Year Average Declines

  25. Precipitation

  26. Conclusions • Measurement program is very reliable • Average 2004 to 2005 decline (0.15 feet) significantly less than average decline rate over past five (1.09 feet/year) or ten (0.58 feet/year) years • Due at least in part to precipitation • But declines still persist, still strong in some areas

  27. The Aquifer Formerly Known as Ogallala From High Plains Aquifer Atlas: http://www.kgs.ku.edu/HighPlains/atlas/

  28. Responsible Agency, 2004 & 2005

  29. Measurement Procedures • Well locations verified with GPS • Depths measured with chalked steel tape • Measurements, info entered on-site using WaterWitch/WaterBug software • Repeat measurements for quality control • Efficient routing of teams for rapid completion (Jan. 8-13, 2005 for KGS)

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