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Breed type information Oromia Livestock Breed Survey

Breed type information Oromia Livestock Breed Survey. Anette van Dorland February 2003 ILRI. Pure breeds. 61 pure local breed types 1 exotic pure breed type. Cross breeds. 27 local cross breed types 5 exoticxlocal cross breed types. X. Unknown breeds.

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Breed type information Oromia Livestock Breed Survey

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  1. Breed type informationOromia Livestock Breed Survey Anette van Dorland February 2003 ILRI

  2. Pure breeds • 61 pure local breed types • 1 exotic pure breed type Cross breeds • 27 local cross breed types • 5 exoticxlocal cross breed types X Unknown breeds • Unknown pure and cross breed types 60 % of observations is unknown ? Breed types of Oromia Regional State

  3. Pure breed Cross breed Zone Local Exotic LocalxLocal ExoticxLocal Arsi 5 - 1 2 Bale 13 - 4 4 Borana 5 - 3 - East Hararge 18 - 13 1 East Shoa 10 - 2 2 East Wollega - - - 1 Illubabor 1 - 2 - Jimma - - - 1 North Shoa 2 - 1 3 West Hararge 24 1 4 1 West Shoa - 1 - - West Wollega 3 - - - Distribution of (cross)breed types Number of (cross)breed types by Zone

  4. No. of pure/cross No. of breed types households 1 4995 2 249 3 46 4 1 Combination of No. of breed types households 1 Pure breed 4957 1 Cross breed 38 Pure breeds 28 Cross breeds 1 Pure and Cross breeds 153 Number of breed types per household

  5. Distribution of major breed types by Zone Pure and Cross breed type (no. of households) Zone Arsi Borana Guji Anniya Doba HFxLocal Arsi 215 2 - - - 4 Bale 106 7 4 - - 4 Borana 16 290 267 - - - East Hararge - - - 78 - 1 East Shoa 235 8 - - - 4 East Wollega - - - - - 4 Illubabor - - - - - - Jimma - - - - - - North Shoa - - - - - 46 West Hararge 179 - - - 85 - West Shoa - - - - - - West Wollega - - - - - - TOTAL 751 307 271 78 85 63 Distribution of Major Breed types

  6. Distribution of breed types by agro-ecological zone

  7. Guji HFxLocal Arsi Doba Borana Anniya Distribution of breed types by agro-ecological zone (cont.) Weinadega (Mid-altitude) Dega (Highland) Kolla (Lowland)

  8. Distribution of breed types by production system

  9. Phenotypic characteristics: Qualitative and quantitative

  10. Phenotypic characteristics: Qualitative and quantitative

  11. 35 30 40 35 25 30 20 25 % of households 15 20 % of households 10 15 10 5 5 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Colour combinations of Guji Colour combinations of HFxLocal Coat colour of body

  12. 60 50 40 % of households 30 20 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Colour combinations of Anniya 35 30 25 20 % of households 15 10 5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Colour combinations of Borana Coat colour of body (cont.)

  13. 30 30 25 25 20 20 15 % of households % of households 15 10 10 5 5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 0 Colour combinations of Doba 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Colour combinations of Arsi Coat colour of body (cont.)

  14. Dewlap size Hump size

  15. 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Male Castrate Female Male Castrate Female < 3 years > 3 years Arsi Borana Guji Anniya Doba HFxLocal Herd structure (%)

  16. Trait preference by farmers of major breed types • Size/shape • Colour • Horns • Heat/cold tolerance • Temperament • Work rate/draft power • Ability to walk long distances • Milk yield • Meat • Growth rate • Fertility • Longevity • Disease tolerance/resistance • Drought tolerance Not important Poor Average Good No opinion

  17. Trait preference by farmers of major breed types (cont.) • Size/shape • Colour • Horns • Heat/cold tolerance • Temperament • Work rate/draft power • Ability to walk long distances • Milk yield • Meat • Growth rate • Fertility • Longevity • Disease tolerance/resistance • Drought tolerance

  18. Trait preference by farmers of major breed types (cont.) • Size/shape • Colour • Horns • Heat/cold tolerance • Temperament • Work rate/draft power • Ability to walk long distances • Milk yield • Meat • Growth rate • Fertility • Longevity • Disease tolerance/resistance • Drought tolerance

  19. Production versus adaptation traits

  20. Production characteristics Reproduction • Age at sexual maturity • Age ate first parturition • Calving interval Production • Marketable age of young stock • Milk production • Lactation length

  21. Age at first parturition

  22. Calving rate 80 70 60 50 Calving rate (%) 40 30 20 10 0 Arsi Borana Guji Anniya Doba HFxLocal Breed types

  23. Milk production a Mean ± Standard deviation b Average milk production for all breed types

  24. Lactation length a Mean ± Standard deviation b Average milk production for all breed types

  25. Conclusions • Most households reported owning pure breeds than cross breeds • In most households breed type was unknown • In most households one pure or cross breed type was found • Guji, HF-crosses, and Arsi breeds can be classified as Midland/highland breed types. Doba, Borana, and Anniya can be classified as lowland breed types • Farmers reported HF-crosses to be poorly adapted to the environment; Arsi to be less productive than other breeds; and Guji to be both less adapted and less productive than other breeds

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