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Chapter 19, part A

Chapter 19, part A. The Kidneys. About this Chapter. Anatomy of the excretory system How the kidney is organized How the nephron works to filter blood, recycle, secrete, and excrete How filtration is regulated Urination reflex. Kidney Functions: Overview.

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Chapter 19, part A

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  1. Chapter 19, part A The Kidneys

  2. About this Chapter • Anatomy of the excretory system • How the kidney is organized • How the nephron works to filter blood, recycle, secrete, and excrete • How filtration is regulated • Urination reflex

  3. Kidney Functions: Overview • Homeostatic regulation: ECF volume, osmolarity, ion & pH balance • Excretion: Metabolic wastes & foreign molecules • Regulating hormones & enzymes

  4. Kidney Functions: Overview Figure 19-3: The excretion of a substance depends on the amount that was filtered, reabsorbed, and secreted

  5. Excretory System: Anatomy Review • Kidney • Cortex • Medulla • Pelvis • Nephrons • Ureter • Bladder • Urethra Figure 19-1: Anatomy Summary: The Urinary System

  6. Nephron Functions: Overview • Filtration, reabsorption, secretion & excretion

  7. Nephron Functions: Overview Figure 19-2: Filtration, reabsorption, secretion, and excretion

  8. Glomerulus & Bowman's Capsule: Blood Filtration • Capillaries • Podocytes • Mesanglial cells • Bulk flow • Solutes • Water • (Few proteins) • (Not cells)

  9. Glomerulus & Bowman's Capsule: Blood Filtration Figure 19-4: Structure of the renal corpuscle

  10. Glomerular Flow Rate (GFR) • Capillary • Hydrostatic pressure • Colloidal • Capsule pressure • Back pressure • Net Filtration p • GFR  180L/day (about 1% is excreted) Figure 19-6: Filtration pressure in the renal corpuscle

  11. Glomerular Flow Rate (GFR) Figure 19-5: The filtration fraction

  12. Regulation of GFR • Autoregulation • Myogenic stretch • Tubuloglomerular feedback • Macula densa • J G cells • ANS-Sympathetic • Arteriole vasoconstriction • Hormones/paracrines • Angiotensin II • Prostaglandins

  13. Regulation of GFR Figure 19-9: The juxtaglomerular apparatus

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