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JFK & The New Frontier

JFK & The New Frontier. A. Election of 1960 1. John F. Kennedy 43 yrs. old? Catholic? Wealthy family? Civil Rights issues Martin Luther King supporter = good with/for the AA community. Kennedy. 2. Richard M. Nixon Experienced Sweaty and nervous. Election of 1960.

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JFK & The New Frontier

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  1. JFK & The New Frontier

  2. A. Election of 1960 1. John F. Kennedy 43 yrs. old? Catholic? Wealthy family? Civil Rights issues Martin Luther King supporter = good with/for the AA community Kennedy

  3. 2. Richard M. Nixon Experienced Sweaty and nervous Election of 1960

  4. New Frontier Agenda • Education • Medicare • Dept. of Urban Affairs Today: Dept. of Housing and Urban Development – increase homeownership, urban development, affordable housing free from discrimination 4. Minimum wage

  5. Economy Created jobs through deficit spending; space program Increase minimum wage Decreased business taxes and tariffs Decreased inflation by helping steel industry Social Public housing Antipoverty measures/training for unemployed Area Redevelopment Act: provided funds for programs in rural Appalachia (very poor region) How well did he do?

  6. Peace Corp • Volunteers who helped in developing countries such as Asia, Latin America & Africa

  7. Politically Increased the power of the executive branch by allowing his cabinet to make more decision “the best and the brightest”

  8. M. Bundy Nat’l Security Advisor “The Best and the Brightest” R. Kennedy AG Sec of Defense R. McNamara Sec of State Dean Rusk

  9. “Flexible response” • Preparing for a variety of military responses rather than just focusing on nuclear weapons • Kennedy built up all branches of military • Special Forces AKA Green Berets

  10. Diem cancels elections of 1956 Diem corrupt /suppressed opposition Repressed Buddhist practices; set themselves on fire in protest; Diem Catholic Vietcong (NLF): worked w/Ho Chi Minh to remove Diem Ngo Dinh Diem (South V.) US involvement in Vietnam begins w/Eisenhower

  11. Kennedy and Vietnam(Diem Falls) • 1960: JFK now in office; continues to support Diem • Diem continues with corruption • US executes Diem/JFK assassinated • LBJ now president and does not want to appear “soft” on communism

  12. Alliance for Progress • Provided economic help and promote democracy; ineffective • Improved agriculture and crop exports but little change socially or politically

  13. Dictator Batista American supporter; shared in crime profits Vacation spot for Americans Americans owned 100% oil refineries, 90% mines, 50% cattle, sugar, and RR Castro leads revolution to overthrow Batista and implement democratic principles and takes over all industries, including US investments = sugar embargo Cuba gets support from the SU Cuban Revolution

  14. Bay of Pigs April 1961 • US to train Cuban exiles • Goal: to overthrow Castro • Plan failed on several counts (air strike on Cuban air force failed, special forces did not land on time; Cuban forces waiting for them backed by Soviets, taken hostage) • Public relations success for Castro! i. US and JFK humiliated ii. JFK Considered incompetent iii. $53 million in food and medical supplies for release of POW’s

  15. Soviet Union/Khrushchev setting up nuclear missiles in Cuba Attack from Cuba = attack on Soviet Union US quarantines Cuba = SU ships do not pass Cuban Missile Crisis 1962

  16. Khrushchev & Kennedy make agreement • US does not invade Cuba and removes missiles from Turkey in exchange for SU removing missiles from Cuba • Hot-line installed • Limited Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty • Ban on nuclear weapons testing above ground, underwater or in outer space • What increases?

  17. Kremlin

  18. 1. Berlin Crisis (West Berlin) West Berlin was thriving? 20% of East Berliners migrating Khrushchev builds “Berlin Wall” i. August 1961 ii. Ended crisis but tensions remained iii. Symbolized communist oppression Cold War Continues

  19. Building of the “Death Strip”

  20. Death Strip

  21. Wall Falls November 1989

  22. C. Dallas, Texas November 22, 1963

  23. Warren Commission • Chief Justice Earl Warren headed investigation into assassination • Concluded: Lee Harvey Oswald acting on his own • Still debated today; Mafia connections

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