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Flight Goes Mainstream

Flight Goes Mainstream. Objectives. Understand Charles Lindbergh’s contribution to aviation Comprehend the significance of the first transatlantic flight Describe other significant contributions that helped flight become mainstream. Lindbergh’s Famous Flight.

nigel-tillman
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Flight Goes Mainstream

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  1. Flight Goes Mainstream

  2. Objectives • Understand Charles Lindbergh’s contribution to aviation • Comprehend the significance of the first transatlantic flight • Describe other significant contributions that helped flight become mainstream

  3. Lindbergh’s Famous Flight • Charles Lindbergh was the first person to fly solo nonstop from New York to Paris • His transatlantic flight opened people’s minds to larger possibilities of air travel • In July 1927, still piloting the Spirit of St. Louis, Lindbergh embarked on a tour of the country

  4. Goodwill Ambassador • Lindbergh made speeches in 72 cities • He encouraged people to get pilot training • In December 1927 Lindbergh capped off a historic year with a 3,200-mile all-American tour • Over the next several years, Lindbergh and his wife, Anne Morrow Lindbergh, worked in civil aviation • His efforts to promote civil aviation led to the construction of hundreds of airports • He was a true goodwill ambassador for aviation

  5. Amelia Earhart’s First Transatlantic Flight • Amelia Earhart was the first woman to fly across the Atlantic • But she went as a passenger, not a pilot • In April 1928 aviator Wilmer Stultz asked her to accompany him and his navigator as they crossed the Atlantic

  6. Transcontinental Flight • But not everyone accepted Earhart as a pilot • They said she’d depended on the luck and the skill of her male pilot • She continued to make milestone flights • She set the altitude record for an autogiro, an early, helicopter-like aircraft, reaching 18,415 feet • Then she became the first woman, and second person, to make a transcontinental—coast-to-coast—flight in an autogiro

  7. Earhart’s Solo Crossing of the Atlantic • On 20 May 1932, she crosses the Atlantic solo, the first woman to make the journey • 1935 as the first pilot to fly from Honolulu to Oakland, California • At that point, Earhart felt the only goal left was a “true” round-the-world flight

  8. Earhart’s Disappearance • Earhart took off 2 June 1937, with copilot Frederick Noonan • All went well for 40 days while they racked up 22,000 miles • But on the longest leg of the trip, from Lae, New Guinea, to Howland Island in the Pacific, the plane disappeared

  9. 1st Lt James Doolittle • 1st Lt James Harold Doolittle made a milestone flight on 24 September 1929 • His milestone was the first successful blindflight — the act of taking off and landing relying solely on instruments inside the cockpit for guidance • Because of his work, manufacturers started equipping planes with instruments and two-way radios

  10. Sgt William C. Ocker/Captain David Myers • Ocker worked with Capt David A. Myers to solve the problem of spatial disorientation • Spatial disorientationis a condition in which a person’s sense of direction does not agree with reality • A pilot who is spatially disoriented literally doesn’t know which end is up • Ocker and Myers realized that pilots of the future would have to rely more heavily on instruments • These inventions are forerunners of today’s flight instrumentation

  11. First Aerial Refueling • Another hurdle to mainstream aviation was providing enough fuel for long-distance runs • Pilots needed a system for aerial refueling, which istaking on more fuel in flight • Two Army lieutenants, 1st Lt Lowell H. Smith and 1st Lt J. P. Richter, achieved this in 1923 • They were able to stay aloft for 37 hours and 15 minutes

  12. The Question Mark • On New Year’s Day 1929, Maj Carl Spaatz took off in the Question Mark, a Fokker C-2 Trimotor • By the time he landed—almost a week later—he had set an endurance record • Spaatz and his crew stayed up 150 hours, 40 minutes, and 15 seconds • They had refueled 37 times

  13. Airmail • The Post Office Department started the first airmail service on 15 May 1918 • It used a few planes borrowed from the Army • Regular airmail service started 1 July 1924 • Airmail not only sped up mail delivery—it contributed a great deal to the development of the airlines

  14. Airlines • The passage of the Air Commerce Act on 20 May 1926 provided for the first federal safety regulation of aviation for pilots and aircraft • It also sparked the growth of commercial airlines • In 1934 Congress passed another airmail act—it separated the air-transport companies from the aircraft manufacturers

  15. Flight Goes Mainstream

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