1. ROME: 753 BC – 565 AD MONARCHY 753 – 509 BC Seven Kings

3. Prior to 753 BC • Etruscans lived north of Rome

4. 753 BC: Legendary founding of Rome • Romulus & Remus • Romulus killed his brother & established city on Palatine Hill • By 600 BC the seven hills had unified into a single town • Quirinal, Viminal, Esquiline, Capitoline, Palatine, Aventine, Caellan

5. Important People • Romulus • First King • Rape of the Sabine Women • ServiusTullius • Sixth king (if counting seven kings) • History’s first census • Former slave

6. Important People • TarquiniusSuperbus (Tarquin the Proud) • Member of the Etruscan family • Last King • Thrown out and republic formed

7. Important People • HoratiusCocles • After TarquiniusSuperbus expelled, Lars Porsena of Clusium (Etruscan king) attacked Rome (T.Q. had appealed to him for help reclaiming the throne) • Horatius is the leader of the Romans who stood against Lars Porsena & the Etruscans • As legend tells, he stood alone on a narrow bridge over the Tiber River defending Rome while the Romans destroyed the bridge • Once the bridge was destroyed, Horatius jumped off and swam (in his armor) to safety

8. Britain *London Germany Gaul The Danube *Rome *Troy Asia Minor Greece Spain *Athens *Carthage *Jerusalem The East *Alexandria Africa Egypt

9. Alps Po River Arno River Adriatic Sea Apennine Mountains Tiber River Corsica Rome Ostia Brundisium Pompeii Sardinia Italian Peninsula Tyrrhenian Sea Sicily Carthage Mediterranean Sea

10. Geography Questions • Which city is not in Italy? • Rome, Carthage, Brundisium, or Ostia • Which mountains run vertically through Italy? • Alps or Apennines? • What city acts as Rome’s harbor to the sea? • What river is Rome built beside? • On which hill was the legendary founding of Rome?

11. Name each region & major cities: Britain *London Germany Gaul The Danube *Rome *Troy Asia Minor Greece Spain *Athens *Carthage *Jerusalem The East *Alexandria Africa Egypt