Chapter 11

1. Chapter 11 Translation of Long Sentences

2. Translation of Long Sentences • In some patients inability to describe their distress of atypical localization and symptomatology may make it impossible to appraise the condition with assurance on the initial examination. • Whether or not the cerebral symptoms can be related to acidosis has not been established. • Constitutional symptoms usually appear early and vary extremely in severity even during a single epidemic.

3. Translation of Long Sentences • The term of chronic irritation as a carcinogen is so vague that it is not easy to discuss. • We can best understand wht our immune system mean, what has to be given us so that we survive, by simply looking into diseases in other living things. • The same therapy must be continued so long as the lesion shows no sign of healing. • So far as the prognosis is concerned, its natural history plays a decisive role. • Clinically the great difficulty lies in proving that they are indeed benign or malignant.

4. Translation of Long Sentences • Malignant tumours tend sooner or later to disseminate and form metastases, and unless treated early and radically they almost invariably kill; simple tumours rarely cause fatality unless they interfere with the function of vital organs. • The escape of blood from the blood vessels, from whatever cause, is spoken of as hemorrhage. The blood may escape from the body, as after the infliction of an open wound which severs the blood vessels or it may pass into the tissues and so not be visible.

5. Translation of Long Sentences • The onset of chronic leukemia is frequently so insidious that it is accidentally discovered when a blood count is obtained for other reasons or when the patient reports to his physician that he has noted a few enlarged lymph nodes or felt, while bathing, a firm left upper quadrant abdominal mass.

6. Translation of Long Sentences • Here the emphasis is on disease as a process, and an effort is made to explain the clinical picture by the pathological changes found in the tissues, not only in the surgical pathology laboratory, but, it may be, in the autopsy room, where the object is not merely to determine the cause of death, but to study the particular disease in all its aspects and ramifications, and to correlate it with the signs and symptoms observed during life.

7. Translation of Long Sentences • Pathologic physiology, as the term implies, is concerned with disturbances in normal physiology, the mechanisms producing these disturbances and the way in which they express themselves as symptoms and signs; such abnormalities may accompany or result from anatomic defects, but they frequently occur in the absence of any pathologic anatomic change, for “biochemical lesions” may be expressions of cellular dysfunction before the process is severe enough, or has been present long enough to cause damage detectable grossly or microscopically.