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UK Accelerator Activity ASTeC Role and National Programme Perspectives

UK Accelerator Activity ASTeC Role and National Programme Perspectives. Mike Poole ASTeC Director. Role of AST in CCLRC. Core Business for CCLRC DL and RAL created for particle physics: NINA NIMROD 40+ years expertise in electron, proton and ion accelerators

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UK Accelerator Activity ASTeC Role and National Programme Perspectives

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  1. UK Accelerator ActivityASTeC Role and National Programme Perspectives Mike Poole ASTeC Director SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  2. Role of AST in CCLRC • Core Business for CCLRC • DL and RAL created for particle physics: NINA NIMROD • 40+ years expertise in electron, proton and ion accelerators • Design, build and operate Large User Facilities • latterly photon and neutron sources: SRS ISIS HELIOS • Develop next generationsolutions • DIAMONDESS ERLP/4GLS ( ILC, NF, ……..) • Underpinning R&D programmes • Interdisciplinary skills plus operational scale SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  3. CCLRC AST Review - 2001 • Major skill bases remained in ISIS and SR Departments • Particle physics accelerator expertise (almost) lost • Accelerator Science and Technology Centre(ASTeC) created in 2001, initially 20 staff - now ~50 staff - accelerator specialists only - £7M paprogramme by 2005 • Expansion stimulated by SR02 awards to CCLRC + PPARC • Major development activities continue in ISIS Department, partly supported by ASTeC (~£1M pa) SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  4. ASTeC Strategic Objectives • Establish and consolidate UK core accelerator skills base • leadership and advice to stakeholders • Ensure international competitiveness • (people + programmes) • Develop future LSF • (advice, design, prototype, construction, commission) • Pursue underpinning technology • (inc. experiments) • Encourage significant collaborations • (HEIs + international) • Promote AST inside and outside CCLRC SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  5. Key Elements • Underpinning design studies on future user facilities • Frontier beam dynamics simulations • New technology demonstrations • Advanced beam test facilities • Major networking with HEIs and overseas laboratories • Knowledge transfer • Recruitment/retention SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  6. ASTeC Structure • Five Groups: • Accelerator Physics (Susan Smith) (16) • Intense Beams (Chris Prior) (7) • RF and Diagnostics (Peter McIntosh) (15) • Magnetics and Radiation Sources (Jim Clarke) (7) • Vacuum Science (Joe Herbert) (6) • Restrict to AST specialisms - CCLRC engineering etc • New style of funded TechnologyCentre within CCLRC • Income received also from DIAMOND, SRS, 4GLS, EU… and PPARC SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  7. Themes for 21st Century • Energy frontier (or efficiency) • Extreme power proton drivers • Ultra-high brightness electron drivers Solution (often) = New technology eg SRF SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  8. Principal ASTeC Sponsored Programmes • Light sources - 4GLS, FELs, ERLP • Linear collider - ILC, CLIC • Neutron source - generic next generation (MW), FETS • Neutrino factory - MICE, design concepts, proton driver, FFAG • DIAMOND design/procurement role (CDR/TDR; now greatly reduced) • SRS support/development (hands-on role and training until 2008) • Blue Skies (laser-plasma projects) • Underpinning technology (eg undulators, NEG pumps, RF systems etc) NB Sundry smaller scale projects/collaborations include KATRIN SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  9. Joint CCLRC/PPARC Programme • Funded from SR02 allocations • Dedicated to LC and NF (+ Accelerator Institutes) • Responsive mode grants awarded to LC and NF Collaborations (CCLRC + 15 HEIs) • Birmingham Cambridge Dundee Durham Lancaster Liverpool Manchester Oxford QMUL RHUL UCL • Glasgow IC Liverpool Oxford Sheffield Warwick • Funded April 04-March 07: • LC-ABD = £9.1M (PPARC) + £1.5M (CCLRC) • UK-NF = £2.0M (PPARC) NB Additional £9M on Accelerator Institutes to 2012 (<£2M this period) SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  10. PPARC Award to CCLRC (2004-2007) • Total funds £4.7M(75% LC, 25% NF) • Staff support £3.2M(ie~50 sy) • ASTeC gets £2.4M to cover its staff • This covers both LC and NF activities NB ASTeC adds £3M to this Joint Programme (inc MICE) SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  11. LC-ABD National Collaboration • Linear Collider studies now organised in UK largely through LC-ABD Collaboration with HEIs (2004-2007) • Strategic decision to concentrate on Beam Delivery System • Major funding initiatives (~ £11M over 3 years) • ASTeC takes lead role inBeam Dynamicsand inMagnet and RF Technologies. New Beam Dump topic now initiated. • Further major ASTeC role in Beam Diagnostics NB Also participate in EUROTeV programme - leverage used (and extra topics) SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  12. ILC Baseline Configuration (2006) • Configuration for 500 GeV machine • Expandability to 1 TeV SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  13. LC Beam Dynamics at ASTeC • ILC Baseline BDS • Mainly 2 mrad crossing studies • Final Focus optimisation design with local chromaticity correction • Compensation of higher order aberrations • Extraction line design • Collimation region design and simulations • Ground motion modelling for the linear collider • Necessary beam dynamics codes for these studies have been implemented. These are PPARC funded Work Packages - HEI collaborations SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  14. LC Technology at ASTeC • Polarised positron source (SCM) • Crab RF system (SRF) • Collimation solutions • Diagnostics (nm + fs) • Multi-MW beam dump (just initiated) These are PPARC and CCLRC funded Work Packages - HEI collaborations NB ASTeC also funds support for SLAC ESA station master SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  15. Other LC-ABD Activities Led by HEIs • Laser wire • Longitudinal bunch structure • Polarisation analysis • Laser alignment surveyor and Stabilisation • Intra--bunch fast feedback • Spectrometry SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  16. Target Capture Proton Driver Schematic Neutrino Factory High current H– source ‘far’ detector (5000–8000km) Muon Storage Ring Cooling Muon Acceleration ‘local’ detector ‘near’ detector (1000–3000km) SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  17. NF Accelerator Challenges • 5-10 MW proton beam generation • Pion target survival • Muon capture (and cooling ?) • Muon acceleration and storage Conceptual studies have UK funding Probable EU FP7 Design Study bid (2007-2010) UK could host ? SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  18. ASTeC Neutrino Factory Studies • PPARC funded programme with HEIs • ASTeC conceptual studies of proton driver options (including high intensity synchrotrons) and muon accelerators • High power target studies • Pre-FP7 Scoping Study (joint CCLRC/PPARC initiative) • Direct financing of MICE Phase 1 (and RF activities for Phase 2) • International collaborations, including FFAG development These are PPARC and CCLRC funded Work Packages - HEI collaborations SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  19. MICE Project Muon Ionisation Cooling Experiment Under construction at RAL SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  20. ASTeC Expenditure Overview 2005/6 SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  21. ISIS Neutron Source At RAL site World record 800 MeV protons, 200 µA, 160 kW on tungsten target ~2×1016 neutrons/second (mean) from spallation • H– ion source (17 kV) • 665 kV H– RFQ • 70 MeV H– linac • 800 MeV proton synchrotron SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  22. Intense Neutron Source • ISIS is present world record holder (160kW+) • ISIS upgrade to 1 MW studied and feasible • CCLRC major contribution to ESS Design Studies (multi-MW) • Front End Test Stand (FETS) develops intense LE solutions • ion source LEBT (75 keV) RFQ MEBT (3 MeV) diagnostics (Linac ?) • Proton driver synergy with Neutrino Factory • Combined ISIS/ASTeC activity SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  23. Daresbury Laboratory SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  24. Daresbury SRS Concept World’s first dedicated x-ray source 80 keV 2 GeV Linac Storage Ring Booster 12 MeV Beamlines 600 MeV Synchrotron becomes a storage ring SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  25. SRS Layout UK National Light Source operated since 1980 - to be replaced by DIAMOND 300 mA Daily fills Pioneering magnetic insertion devices Closes down Dec 2008 !!! SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  26. The Nobel Prize: F1 ATPase structure • Sir John Walker won a share of the 1997 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for solving the structure of the F1 ATPase enzyme using the SRS • Developed an important new technique; opens the way for new insights into metabolic and degenerative disease SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  27. Alternative Compact Light Source 700 MeV Designed at Daresbury Sold by Oxford Instruments to IBM in 1990 - lithography Operated successfully for 10 years SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  28. The DIAMOND Project BOOSTER 3 GeV Transfer line Transfer line LINAC 100 MeV 300 mA STORAGE RING 3 GeV 24 cells Circumference = 560 m Instrument 5 m and 8 m straights SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  29. Linac and Booster - Dec 2005 SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  30. DIAMOND Commissioning Milestone First beam in the booster Dec. 21st 2005 SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  31. Storage Ring Installation - Dec 2005 SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  32. DIAMOND SRF Cavity (Cornell ring) SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  33. DIAMOND Experimental Hall (Late 2005) SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  34. Next Generation Light Source • Strong UK communities exploiting existing advanced storage ring and ‘table top’ laser facilities (SRS, ESRF, CLF) • DIAMOND will serve the x-ray community from 2007 (XFEL ?) • Low energy (< 1 keV) requires a separately optimised source • Users have identified the need to supplement transverse brightness by compression longitudinally - fs pulses • Many scientific applications need multiple sources • eg pump-probe SYNERGIES: ULTRA HIGH BRIGHTNESS ELECTRON BEAMS SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  35. DIAMOND Construction (late 2005) SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  36. DIAMOND on RAL Site SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  37. Storage Ring Limitations • Equilibrium beam dimensions set by radiation emission • Beam lifetime limits bunch density (1011 turns) • Demanding UHV environment • Undulators restricted by cell structure and apertures • Most issues worse at low energies (eg < 1 GeV) • FUNDAMENTAL 3GLS LIMITATIONS SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  38. Linac Based Light Source • Storage ring (1011 turns) fundamental limitations (s, t) • Linacs can deliver very high quality electron beams • Temporal pulse pattern flexibility • High average flux requires Energy Recovery Linac(ERL) • Superconducting RF technology can be exploited • High average brightness gun is essential development SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  39. New UK Light Source • Strong UK communities exploit existing storage ring and ‘table top’ laser facilities (SRS, ESRF, CLF) • DIAMOND serves x-ray community from 2007 • Low energy (< 1 keV) requires separately optimised source • Users need to supplement high transverse brightness by compression longitudinally - fs pulses • Many scientific applications need multiple sources • eg pump-probe SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  40. ERL Prototype (ERLP) Project Partnership: DL (ASTeC + SRS) RAL (CLF) HEIs (Manchester/Liverpool/Strathclyde) Jefferson Lab Stanford Rossendorf Principal challenges: • High brightness and intensity gun • High current superconducting linac • Beam transport optics (bunch compression, CSR, wakes) • Diagnostics and: • Lack of experience SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  41. ERLP Detailed Layout Chirped beam compression ~100 fs FEL included SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  42. ERLP Layout in Tower Building SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  43. ERLP Progress • Design challenges overcome - engineering solutions produced • Construction well advanced • Commissioning all systems late 2006 • Experimental exploitation planning - 2007 onwards SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  44. Proposed 4GLS Schematic Layout SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  45. 4GLS Multi-Source Concept Dump (50 kW) Pulse Pattern in IR FEL Branch IR FEL IR IR FEL Gun 10 MeV 15 to 50 MeV High Current Gun 50 MeV 10 MeV Dump (~1MW) Pulse Pattern in Linac IR Booster Linac Bunch Compressor Timing Signal 600 MeV 3rd Harmonic Cavity Optical Delay XUV Injector Linac Pulse Pattern in Spontaneous Branch 160 MeV 590 MeV Linac 750 MeV XUV FEL Gun IR for Combined Source Experiments Return Arc Pulse Pattern in XUV FEL Branch Dump (1 kW) Spent Beam Undulator Pulse Pattern in Photon Beams 1 kHz 750 to 950 MeV 1 kHz Photon Beams to Experiments XUV FEL Outward Arc Photon diagnostics & Filtering 200 MeV Bunch Compressor XUV Booster Linac Pulse Pattern in Photon Beams XUV FEL Branch HHG Seed Laser Photon Beams to Experiments VUV-FEL Optical Delay 0 to few ns High Average Current Branch Distributed Bunch Compression Bending magnet Source THz Source Insertion Device Beamlines Spontaneous Sources SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  46. Provisional 4GLS Layout SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  47. 4GLS Source - International Comparison SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  48. 4GLS Project Status • Conceptual Design Report (CDR) - April 2006 • Technical Design Report - Early 2007 • Possible bid - Late 2007 • Possible construction - 2008-2012 SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  49. ERLP as an Accelerator Test Facility ? Chirped beam compression ~100 fs FEL included SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

  50. Proposed site for EMMA: e-FFAG Model Build for £4M ? SuperB Meeting Apr 06 M W Poole

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