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Competence Sharing in a Federal State

Explore the concept of competence sharing in a federal state, presented by Dr. Andreas Gross, a political scientist and former Swiss MP. Discover how democracy is a mosaic of institutions, rights, and values, and how conflict resolution can be achieved without violence. Learn about the decentralized nature of federalism and the power distribution between citizens, parliament, and government. Gain insights into the Swiss federal system and its integration with direct democracy.

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Competence Sharing in a Federal State

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  1. Competence Sharing in a Federal State by Dr. h.c. Andreas Gross (Switzerland) (Political Scientist/Dir. Atelier for Direct Democracy St-Ursanne, 24 years Swiss MP/ 2008-2016: Leader of the Social Democrats in the PA of the Council of Europe, Strasburg) Info@andigross.chwww.andigross.ch Presentation in a Training Course for Participants from Myanmar at the GCSP in Geneva, March 28th 2017

  2. “Unity in diversity” + “All different, but all equal ”

  3. Democracy: Mosaic of Hundreds of constitutive Institutions, Rights, Proceedings, values, attitudes, relations, results Defined in the Constitution A never ending Process Conflict resolution without violence

  4. Competence sharing is a stone in the Mosaic of Democracy Vertically: Citizens/Parliament/Government open proportional system in decentralized territories Horizontally: Consequent decentralisation Commune/canton/federal level

  5. Federalism in the European way You keep your smaller entity – but you are also part of a bigger one, where you have the same power as the other entities . 1848 The Swiss copied the US-Constitution The US founding fathers very inspired by the Irokesians (6 nations in the North of NY)

  6. You need to organize and secure federalism in the constitution The sovereignty stays with the cantons Every canton sends two senators in the equal second chamber Every change of the constitution needs a double majority in a Referendum(people &cantons) The federal level only get’s the power to legislate, if the majority of the citizens and the cantons allow it * every law needs a majority in both chambers

  7. Federalism and Direct Democracy are sisters Both share powers ! - Fed: Territorially DD: Among citizens/institutions - Integration by communication between citizens and cantons

  8. Distribution of duties between Federation/Cantons/communes Fed: Int. Relations Defense Currency/Custom Post/Media Rail/Airplane Energy: Water/Nuclear Cantons: Police Churches Schools Universitys Communes: Localstreets Public trsp Gaz/Elec/Wat Urban plan Electofteach Taxes Socserv.

  9. Federation and Cantons together: Agriculture Highways Industry/Commerce/Work Civil/Penal-Code Taxes Social Insurances Environment

  10. Financial Distribution Federation/Cantons/communes(Equal distribution of public servants) Fed/In: 30 % Fed/Out: 32 % Cantons/In: 40 % Cant/Out: 40 % Com/In: 30 % Com/Out 28 %

  11. Always on the move You may always try to reform/fix relations by negotiations and new compromises You may always try to fine-tune arrangements Nobody can command, everybody may try to convince each-other following the rules Only Fed/Cant – Communes only with their Canton concerned

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