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An Artificial Thoracic Diaphragm

An Artificial Thoracic Diaphragm. Dileep Chowdary Luiz Greca Maria Puustinen. 28.11.2013. MT-0.6067 Thin Film Technology. Whom does an artificial thoracic diaphragm help?. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Irreversible destruction of muscle cells Life expectancy is 30 years old

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An Artificial Thoracic Diaphragm

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  1. An Artificial Thoracic Diaphragm Dileep Chowdary Luiz Greca Maria Puustinen 28.11.2013 MT-0.6067 Thin Film Technology

  2. Whom does an artificial thoracic diaphragm help? • Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: • Irreversible destruction of muscle cells • Life expectancy is 30 years old • Cardiac and respiratory failure • Polio Survivors: • Increasing muscle weakness • Possibility of breathing problems • Decades using mechanical ventilators

  3. How big the market is? • Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: • 1 in 3 500 births worldwide • Affirmed cases almost 500 000 • Polio survivors: • 750 000 only in the US • 440 000 will desenvolve respiratory problems

  4. Are there other solutions available? • Mechanical Ventilator: • Non invasive ventilation • Invasive ventilation • Tracheostomy • 1 500 U$/day per patient in US hospitals • Diaphragm transplant: • Still being researched • Successfully tested in a dog

  5. What are we offering? • Implant of an artificial diaphragm: • Based on electro Activated Polymers • Significant life quality improvement • Cost Efficiency

  6. How does it work? Imitates the contraction-expansion movement Voltage induced stretching of a polymer thin film (silicone elastomer)

  7. Why to use silicone elastomer? • Biocompatible • Inert • High strain • 3D shapes

  8. How to fabricate polymer thin film? • Combination of Molding and Lithography • Patterning photoresist using lithography • Pouring of liquid silicone polymer • Removal of excess polymer material • Cross-linking the polymer • Etching of photoresist. http://web.cecs.pdx.edu/~prasads/Polymer%20microfab.pdf

  9. How to fabricate the electrodes? • Gold nanoparticles are chosen • Doping the top layers of the polymer film using ion implantation • keeping the mechanical properties of the polymer film • 2 um thick over the polymer • Contacts • Encapsulation

  10. How is the devicecontrolled? • Control systemconnected to the electrodelayers • Hermeticallysealed, outside layerTitanium • Nervesignalstransferred to actuator operating voltage OR an optimizablepacemaker is used inside the controlsystem • Power supplyfromLi-ionbattery (lasts >5 years) • Partnersuppliersused for theseparts

  11. Product in the market What is needed for commercialization? Permits -Valvira -EU Clinical trials Post market surveillance In vivo testing Tests in human body simulated environment Prototype manufacturing -film characterization -electrical characterization

  12. Where to start? • Need for reducing the actuator activation voltage • Lifetime/endurance of the actuator • Structure optimization /possible stacking of layers • Encapsulation reliability and biocompatibility • Sterilizability

  13. Nerve connections Operating system Who do we want to work with? Wiring For: Powering • Universities • Hospitals • Electronic system manufacturers • Medical device manufacturers

  14. Market • Wecansignificantly help >>100 000 peopleworldwide! • A product of vitalimportance • No competingproduct in the market So why should we go for it? Technology • The artificial muscle and applicable operating technology already exist • Only hard development work needed

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