CLASSIFICATION & THE SIX KINGDOMS OF ORGANISMS

1. CLASSIFICATION&THE SIX KINGDOMS OF ORGANISMS

2. WHY DO SCIENTISTS CLASSIFY ? Biologists Use Classification To Organize Living Things Into Groups So That Organisms Are Easier To Study

3. TAXONOMY The Scientific Study Of How Living Things Are Classified

4. CAROLUS LINNAEU’S CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM BASED ON PHYSICAL & STRUCTURAL SIMILARITIES REFLECT THE EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS OF SPECIES

5. SCIENTIFIC NAME  BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE The Naming System For Organisms In Which Each Organism Is Given A Two-Part Name

6. SCIENTIFIC NAME  BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE 1ST WORD = GENUS - - - CAPITALIZED 2ND WORD = SPECIES - - - WRITTEN IN LATIN ; IN ITALICS

7. KINGDOM  PHYLUM  CLASS  ORDER  FAMILY  GENUS  SPECIES KINGDOM : BROADEST - LARGEST NUMBER OF SPECIES SPECIES : NARROW - SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION

8. King Phil Came Over For Great Seafood KINGDOM PHYLUM CLASS ORDER FAMILY GENUS SPECIES TAXA USED TO CLASSIFY ORGANISMS:

9. DICHOTOMOUS KEY A SERIES OF PAIRED STATEMENTS THAT DESCRIBE THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT ORGANISMS

10. THESIX KINGDOMS OF ORGANISMS MAKE A TABLE THAT COMPARES THE CHARACTERISTICS OF MEMBERS OF EACH OF THE SIX KINGDOMS.

11. 1) ARCHAEBACTERIA UNICELLULAR PROKARYOTES WITH STRONG CELL WALLS WHOSE CELLS LACK A NUCLEUS  LIVE IN EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS.

12. 2) EUBACTERIA UNICELLULAR PROKARYOTES  CELLS LACK DISTINCT NUCLEI BOUNDED BY A MEMBRANE.

13. 3) PROTISTS A DIVERSE GROUP  A EUKARYOTE THAT LACKS COMPLEX ORGAN SYSTEMS AND LIVES IN MOIST ENVIRONMENTS.

14. 4) FUNGUS EARTH’S DECOMPOSERS  UNICELLULAR OR MULTICELLULAR HETEROTROPHIC EUKARYOTES THAT ABSORB NUTRIENTS FROM ORGANIC MATERIALS IN THE ENVIRONMENT; DO NOT MOVE FROM PLACE TO PLACE.

15. 5) PLANTS MULTICELLULAR OXYGEN PRODUCERS  PHOTOSYNTHETIC AUTROPHIC EUKARYOTES – CONTAIN CHLOROPLASTS AND HAVE CELL WALLS COMPOSED OF CELLULOSE; NONE MOVE FROM PLACE TO PLACE.

16. 6) ANIMALS MULTICELLULAR CONSUMERS  HETEROTROPHS – CELLS LACK CELL WALLS, NEARLY ALL ARE ABLE TO MOVE FROM PLACE TO PLACE.

17. KEY TERMS  WORDS TO KNOW • CLASSIFICATION • TAXONOMY • BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE • GENUS • SPECIES • TAXONOMIC KEY • PROKARYOTE • EUKARYOTE

18. CLASSIFICATION THE PROCESS OF GROUPING THINGS BASED ON THEIR SIMILARITIES (TO BETTER UNDERSTAND ORGANISMS)

19. TAXONOMY THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF HOW LIVING THINGS ARE CLASSIFIED

20. BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE THE NAMING SYSTEM FOR ORGANISMS IN WHICH EACH ORGANISM IS GIVEN A TWO-PART NAME

21. GENUS A CLASSIFICATION GROUPING THAT CONSISTS OF A NUMBER OF SIMILAR, CLOSELY RELATED SPECIES

22. SPECIES A GROUP OF SIMILAR ORGANISMS WHOSE MEMBERS CAN MATE WITH ONE ANOTHER AND PRODUCE FERTILE OFFSPRING

23. TAXONOMIC KEY A SERIES OF PAIRED STATEMENTS THAT DESCRIBE THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT ORGANISMS

24. PROKARYOTE AN ORGANISM WHOSE CELLS LACK A NUCLEUS AND SOME OTHER CELL STRUCTURES

25. EUKARYOTE AN ORGANISM WITH CELLS THAT CONTAIN NUCLEI AND OTHER CELL STRUCTURES

26. What did Linaeus contribute to the field of taxonomy? HE DEVELOPED BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE  A TWO-WORD NAMING SYSTEM FOR ORGANISMS

27. For what reasons are biological classification systems needed? It is easier to study organisms and their relationships.

28. List the seven groups used in biological classification. Which group contains the largest number of species? Which group contains the fewest?

29. Make a list of a minimum of five physical features you could use to classify trees.

30. How have technological advances, such as improved microscopes and new biological tests, changed biological classification. Improved microscopes allow scientists to differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and among the cell organelles. Biochemical tests determine the presence of specific molecules in cells.