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Chap 22

Chap 22. Evolution. Cuvier tried to explain the fossil record by using the idea of Catastrophism . Lyell - Uniformitarianism - geologic processes work the same now as in the past 1. Earth is very old 2. Slow change can result in substantial change over time. Cuvier – Catastrophism

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Chap 22

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  1. Chap 22 Evolution

  2. Cuvier tried to explain the fossil record by using the idea of Catastrophism.

  3. Lyell- Uniformitarianism- geologic processes work the same now as in the past 1. Earth is very old 2. Slow change can result in substantial change over time Cuvier – Catastrophism Catastrophies explain the different layers of fossils Hutton- Gradualism Geological processes take thousands of years

  4. Evolutionary Theory Theory of Use and Disuse Theory of Acquired Characteristics

  5. 5 Parts to Darwin’s Theory of Evolution • There is always variation in the population • There is always a struggle for existence • Some characteristics allow for some individuals to survive and reproduce better than others • These characteristics are heritable • It takes many generations for change to occur

  6. Populations Geometric Inc Logrithmic Exponential Thomas Malthus Food Supply Arithmetic

  7. 8. Vestigial Organs Degenerated organs that have lost all or most of its original function 9. Adaptive Radiation Rapid adaptation of one ancestral organism to a wide range of environments leads to the formation of many new species (Transitional Species: fossils show change over time) Homologous Structures: Comparable structures that have taken on different functions as a result of modification from a common ancestors (Artificial Selection of domestic species)

  8. Changes in environment can affect survival and change overall the population’s characteristics.

  9. Transitional Species

  10. Descent with modification

  11. Descent with modification

  12. Homologous Structures

  13. Vestigial Organ

  14. Biogeography is the science which deals with geographic patterns of species distribution and the processes that result in such patterns

  15. Present

  16. Darwin expected the plants on the Galapagos to resemble those found in Europe, why was this not so?

  17. Adaptive Radiation in Hawaiian Honeycreepers

  18. Lines of Evidence for Evolution • Domesticated Species/ Artificial Selection • Transitional Species/ Fossil record • Homologous structures • Vestigial structures • Embryological Structures • Biogeographical evidence • Biochemical evidence - DNA, Protein, Amino Acid Sequencing • Adaptive radiation

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