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UNIT 4

UNIT 4. COUNSELING INTERVENTIONS. Different types of interventions. 1. Effective intervention 2.Cognitive intervention 3.Behavioural intervention. 1.Cognitive Intervention . A. Self control B. Challenging self –destructive beliefs C. Life space mapping D. Assertiveness training

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UNIT 4

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  1. UNIT 4 COUNSELING INTERVENTIONS

  2. Different types of interventions • 1. Effective intervention • 2.Cognitive intervention • 3.Behavioural intervention

  3. 1.Cognitive Intervention • A. Self control • B. Challenging self –destructive beliefs • C. Life space mapping • D. Assertiveness training • E. Brief solution focused strategies

  4. a. Self control • Identification of problem behaviour • Observation behaviour • Evaluation of the behaviour • Setting consequences of behaviour

  5. b. Challenging self destructive beliefs • Should ,must ,ought to , have to beliefs • Catastrophizing beliefs-few options left • Eg: nobody will ever respect me again • I can never make it • Always and never beliefs • Intolerance of others beliefs • Blaming belief • Negative self –perception belief

  6. c. Life space mapping • Chapters of life make a book • Vance Peavy –methods of interventions- • Narrative method • Life space mapping-fig:- • Meaningful activities • De-construction and meaningful questions • Mapping direction of my life

  7. d. Assertiveness training • Refers to the ability of an individual to express clearly what he or she considers right or proper in interpersonal interactions • Assertive VS aggressive Vs non- asssertive

  8. e. Solution focused strategies • Steve de Shazer and Insoo Kim Berg- SOLUTION FOCUSED THERAPY • Benefits: • Move from being problem –saturated ,to solution-focused • Enhance relationship , developing ,understanding and cohesion • Managing on going staff challenges with long term ,efficient, proactive approaches

  9. Cognitive intervention includes: • Symbolic strategies • Creative strategies

  10. Symbolic strategies • Metaphor • Ritual • Symbols • A metaphor is a figure of speech containing implied comparison • E.g.: how big are you? • I am rowing a boatload of people down a river; I have tom see that it moves and does not crash into the rocks

  11. Ritual are used to make occasions , events and transition • E.g.InDasara the effigy of Ravana is burnt. A victimized client can do the same • Symbols and objects can be helpful in uncovering unconscious material

  12. Creative strategies • Art • Role play • Journals – in the form of diaries , lyrics, poetry

  13. 2.Affective intervention-For self awareness • Empty chair • Guided imagery

  14. A. Empty chair techniques • Office of the therapist is having an extra chair • Developed by Fedrick‘Fritz’ Pearls • Helps the client to speak to the other person who is imagined to be sitting in an empty chair • Chair should be beside or across the client

  15. Imagine people or object , part of your personality, any of your emotions , symptoms etc in the chair • E.g.: The therapist may say, ‘imagine your father in the chair(about three feet away),see him vividly , and ,now , talk to him about how you felt when he was unfaithful to your mother

  16. B. Guided imagery • Alexander Miller recommended • Help individuals learn or modify behaviours in negative situations • E.g. Coping with difficult situations ( a difficult boss) • Changing or controlling negative emotions in response to a particular situation , event (loss of a job)

  17. Types of guided imagery • Relaxation imagery-pleasant , relaxing images- • Healing imagery- imagine energy moving freely through out the body • Pain control imagery- • E.g. Patients with back problems may imagine their pain as a high voltage electric current surging through spine

  18. Mental rehearsal- imagining a situation or scenario and its ideal outcome • Helps in reducing anxiety • e.g.. Situation of surgery

  19. 3.Behavioural intervention • A. Relaxation • B. Systematic Desensitization

  20. A. Relaxation • Helps to get rid of the stress • Allows new ideas to influence the mind • Includes –active methods –laughter-chemicals-reduce tension and pain-(walking-gardening-playing) • Passive methods-exercises performed while sitting or lying quietly-(prayer-breathing-meditation-pranayama)

  21. B. Desensitization • Based on behaviour modification • Common fears treated with de-sensitization include fear of public speaking , fear of flying , stage fright , elevator phobias and animal phobias

  22. Interpersonal coping strategies • Poor communication • Eating disorders • Negative self talk---------------- Coping strategies- Moving with- accommodation of disagreement Moving toward- towards perceived threat Moving against, moving away

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