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Ch. 17 Classification

Ch. 17 Classification. Sec. 1 Biodiversity Objectives 17-1 Identify the main criteria that Linnaeus used to classify organisms. 17-2 Explain why Aristotle’s classification system was replaced. 17-3 List the common levels of modern classification from general to specific.

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Ch. 17 Classification

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  1. Ch. 17 Classification Sec. 1 Biodiversity Objectives 17-1 Identify the main criteria that Linnaeus used to classify organisms. 17-2 Explain why Aristotle’s classification system was replaced. 17-3 List the common levels of modern classification from general to specific. Sec. 1 Thought Questions 1. How are evolutionary relationships used to identify organisms? • What is binomial nomenclature? 3. Name the levels of organization in the correct order.

  2. Sec. 1 Biodiversity • Classification Systems - classification - taxonomy • Early classification 1. Aristotle 2. Linneaus • Levels of Classification 1. Binomial Nomenclature Read milestones pg 340 Answer questions #1-4 in spiral

  3. Linnaeus’s System of Classification Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

  4. Sec. 2 Systematics Sec. 2 objectives 17-4*Explain how similarities used to group taxa might reflect evolutionary relationships (e.g., similarities in DNA and protein structures, internal anatomical features, patterns of development) Sec. 2 Thought Questions • What are the levels of classification for Linneaus’s system? 2. As you move toward species, what happens to the relationship between the different species? 3. Name one characteristic that would be used to identify an organism.

  5. Sec. 2 Systematics • Phylogenetics – evolutionary relationships 1. structure 2. breeding 3. geographical distribution 4. chromosome comparisons 5. biochemistry • Cladistics – shared or derived characteristics Summarize Sec. 2 Word Origins taxo – arrange klados– sprout or branch bi – two eu- true nomen – name calatus - list nomy – ordered knowledge

  6. Sec. 3 Modern Classification Systems Sec. 3 Objectives 17-5 *Explain how and why the classification of any taxon might change as more is learned about the organisms assigned to that taxon 17-6 List the characteristics that distinguish between the domains Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Sec. 3 Thought Questions • Who developed the naming system used today? • What is a cladogram? 3. Name a domain of life.

  7. Sec 3. Kingdoms and Domains Classification of Living Things DOMAIN KINGDOM CELL TYPE CELL STRUCTURES NUMBER OF CELLS MODE OF NUTRITION EXAMPLES Bacteria Eubacteria Prokaryote Cell walls with peptidoglycan Unicellular Autotroph or heterotroph Streptococcus, Escherichia coli Archaea Archaebacteria Prokaryote Cell walls without peptidoglycan Unicellular Autotroph or heterotroph Methanogens, halophiles Protista Eukaryote Cell walls of cellulose in some; some have chloroplasts Most unicellular; some colonial; some multicellular Autotroph or heterotroph Amoeba, Paramecium, slime molds, giant kelp Fungi Eukaryote Cell walls of chitin Most multicellular; some unicellular Heterotroph Mushrooms, yeasts Eukarya Plantae Eukaryote Cell walls of cellulose; chloroplasts Multicellular Autotroph Mosses, ferns, flowering plants Animalia Eukaryote No cell walls or chloroplasts Multicellular Heterotroph Sponges, worms, insects, fishes, mammals

  8. Sec. 4 Symmetry Sec. 4 Objectives 17-7 Identify the different types of symmetry. Sec. 4 Thought Questions • What is symmetry? • Give an example of radial symmetry. 3. Name one relationship phylogenetics uses to classify organsims.

  9. Sec. 4 Symmetry • Types 1. radial 2. bilateral 3. asymmetrical

  10. dorsal/back anterior/ head – posterior/ sensory organs tail ventral/belly

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